奶牛瘤胃异常代谢产物组胺引起的炎性反应及其消除方法

Histamine as an Abnormal Metabolite in the Rumen of Dairy Cows: Inflammatory Response and Control

高精低粗的饲粮结构会引起奶牛瘤胃内乳酸和挥发性脂肪酸浓度升高,瘤胃液pH降低,导致瘤胃内微生物区系发生改变,从而引起瘤胃内异常代谢产物(细菌内毒素、组胺等)增加,甚至引发亚急性瘤胃酸中毒。其中,组胺是机体内重要的炎性介质,高浓度的组胺转运至血液后可引起机体炎症反应,引起奶牛多种疾病,并使奶牛生产性能下降。本文对奶牛瘤胃异常发酵时组胺的产生和转运以及组胺诱导炎性反应的机制进行综述,同时,介绍一些限制组胺生成和转运的方法,为控制和减少组胺对奶牛的危害提供参考。

Feeding the high-concentrate and low-roughage diet to dairy cows can increase the concentrations of lactic acid and volatile fatty acids and decrease the ruminal pH, resulting in rumen microflora changes, the re-lease of abnormal metabolic products, such as bacterial endotoxin and histamine, and even cause subacute ru-minal acidosis. Histamine is an important inflammatory mediator. After high concentration of histamine is trans-ported to the blood, it plays an important role in inflammation, causing histamine related diseases, so that the dairy cows’ production performance is decreased. This paper described the histamine formation and transporta-tion in dairy cows and also discussed the possible mechanisms of the histamine-induced inflammatory respon-ses, finally some methods for reducing histamine release in the rumen and its transportation into the body were proposed.