菜籽粕对7～9周龄浙东白鹅生长性能、养分利用率及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Rapeseed Meal on Growth Performance,Nutrient Utilization and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Zhedong White Geese Aged from 7 to 9 Weeks

本试验旨在研究菜籽粕对7～9周龄浙东白鹅生长性能、养分利用率及血清生化指标的影响。试验选用160只7周龄浙东白鹅,随机分为4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鹅。对照组（ Y0组）饲喂基础饲粮,试验组（ Y1、Y2、Y3组）分别饲喂以4%、7%、10%的菜籽粕代替基础饲粮中豆粕的试验饲粮。试验期为21 d。结果表明：1）试验组鹅平均日增重较对照组呈下降趋势,但各组间差异不显著（ P＞0.05）。 Y1、Y2、Y3组鹅平均日采食量均极显著低于对照组（ P＜0.01）。各组鹅料重比差异不显著（ P＞0.05）。2） Y2组总能、粗蛋白质、粗纤维和磷利用率均达到最大,均极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）,粗脂肪利用率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）,钙利用率与对照组无显著差异（P＞0.05）。3）Y2组甘氨酸利用率极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）,Y1组色氨酸、甘氨酸、精氨酸、亮氨酸利用率显著（ P＜0.05）或极显著（ P＜0.01）低于对照组,Y3组甘氨酸利用率极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）。4）各组血清总蛋白、葡萄糖、总胆固醇、三碘甲状腺激素和甲状腺素含量的差异不显著（P＞0.05）,Y3组血清甘油三酯含量显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）,试验组血清谷丙转氨酶活性极显著低于对照组（P＜0.01）,Y1、Y2组血清谷草转氨酶活性显著高于对照组（ P＜0.05）。由此可见,饲粮中用7%～10%的菜籽粕代替部分豆粕能够提高7～9周龄浙东白鹅大部分养分利用率,有利于提高养鹅的经济效益。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of rapeseed meal on growth performance, nutri-ent utilization and serum biochemical indexes of Zhedong white geese aged from 7 to 9 weeks. A total of 160 seven-week-old Zhedong white geese were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate. Geese in the control group （ group Y0） were fed a basal diet, and the others in the experi-mental groups （ group Y1, Y2 and Y3） were fed experimental diets which used 4%, 7% and 10% rapeseed meal replaced soybean meal in the basal diet. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as fol-lows：1） compared with the control group, the average daily gain of geese in experimental groups showed a decreased tendency, but there were no significant differences among all groups （ P〉0.05） . The average daily feed intake of geese in groups Y1, Y2 and Y3 was significantly lower than that in control group （P〈0.01）. There were no significant differences in the ratio of feed to gain among all groups （ P〉0.05） . 2） The utilization of energy, crude protein, crude fiber and phosphorus were the highest in group Y2, and significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.01） , also the crude fat utilization was significantly higher than that in control group （P〈0.05）, however, the calcium utilization had no significant difference compared with the control group （P〉0.05）. 3） The glycine utilization in group Y2 was significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.01） , the utilization of tryptophan, glycine, arginine and leucine was significantly lower than that in con-trol group （ P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） , the glycine utilization in group Y3 was significantly higher than that in con-trol group （ P〈0.01） . 4） There were no significant differences in the contents of total protein, glucose, total cholesterol, triiodothyronine, thyroxine of serum among all groups （P〉0.05）. The serum glycerin trilaurate content in group Y3 was significantly lower than that in control group （ P〈0.05） , the serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity in experimental groups was significantly lower than that in control group （ P〈0.01） , and the serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity in groups Y1 and Y2 was significantly higher than that in control group （ P〈0.05） . It is concluded that 7% to 10% rapeseed meal replaced soybean meal in the basal diet can improve mostly nutrient utilization, and can improve the economic benefits of geese industry.