饲粮非植酸磷水平对39～46周龄黄羽肉种母鸡繁殖性能、胫骨指标和血浆生化指标的影响

Effect of Dietary Non-Phytate Phosphorus Level on Reproduction Performance,Tibial Indexes and Plasma Biochemical Indexes of Yellow-Feathered Broiler Breeders Aged from 39 to 46 Weeks

本试验旨在研究不同非植酸磷（ NPP）水平对39～46周龄黄羽肉鸡父母代种鸡繁殖性能、胫骨指标和血浆生化指标的影响,探讨该阶段适宜磷供给量。试验选用39周龄岭南黄羽肉鸡父母代种母鸡810只,根据体重和产蛋率分为5个组,每组6个重复,每重复27只鸡。组1为对照组,饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮（ NPP水平为0.30%）,组2、3、4和5饲粮分别在基础饲粮中添加不同水平的磷酸氢钙,使饲粮NPP水平分别为0.35%、0.40%、0.45%和0.50%,其他营养成分各组基本一致。试鸡限饲122 g/（只·d）,自由饮水。试验期8周。结果表明：1）试验期内, NPP水平未显著影响试鸡平均日增重、平均日产蛋量、料蛋比、平均蛋重和破蛋率（P＞0.05）,显著影响了产蛋率和不合格蛋率（P＜0.05）,0.45%组产蛋率显著高于0.30%和0.40%组（P＜0.05）,0.40%组不合格蛋率显著低于其余4组（P＜0.05）。2）饲粮 NPP水平显著影响了试鸡39～40周龄种蛋长径、蛋短径、蛋形指数和蛋壳强度（P＜0.05）,显著影响了45～46周龄种蛋蛋壳强度（ P＜0.05）。3） NPP水平对种蛋孵化性能（受精率、孵化率、健雏率、健雏平均出壳重）无显著影响（P＞0.05）。4）饲粮 NPP 水平显著增加了试鸡脱脂胫骨粗灰分中钙、磷含量（P＜0.05）。5）0.40%和0.45%NPP组试鸡血浆甲状旁腺激素含量显著高于0.30%和0.35%组（ P＜0.05）,0.50%组血浆降钙素含量显著高于其余4组（ P＜0.05）。综上,39~46周龄黄羽肉鸡父母代种母鸡饲粮NPP适宜水平为0.40%~0.45%,根据采食量计算得到每日NPP需要量为0.488～0.549 g。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary non-phytate phosphorus （ NPP） level on reproduction performance, tibial indexes and plasma biochemical indexes of yellow-feathered broiler breeders aged from 39 to 46 weeks, and in order to determine the suitable phosphorus allowance of this phase. Eight hundred and ten 39-week-old parent Lingnan yellow-feathered broiler breeder hens were randomly as-signed to 5 groups. Each group had 6 replicates with 27 birds per replicate. Group 1 was the control group, in which the birds were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet with 0.30% NPP. Dietary NPP levels in groups 2 to 5 were adjusted to 0.35%, 0.40%, 0.45% and 0.50% from the basal diet, respectively;all other nutrient levels were identical. Birds were fed 122 g of diet per bird per day and watered ad libitum during the experimental pe-riod of 8 weeks. The results showed as follows：1） dietary NPP level had no significant effects on average dai-ly gain, average daily egg mass, the ratio of feed to egg, average egg weight, broken egg rate （P〉0.05）, had significant effects on laying rate and unqualified egg rate （ P〈0.05） . Broiler breeders fed 0.45% NPP had a higher laying rate than those fed 0.30% and 0.40% NPP （P〈0.05）. Unqualified egg rate of 0.40% group was significantly lower than the other 4 groups （ P〈0.05） . 2） There were significant influences of dietary NPP level on long diameter, short diameter, shape index, and eggshell strength of eggs produced during the period of 39 to 40 weeks （ P〈0.05） , and eggshell strength of eggs from 45 to 46 weeks （ P〈0.05） . 3） Dietary NPP level had no significant effect on hatching performance （ fertilization rate, hatchability, salable chick rate and average salable chick birth weight） （ P〉0.05） . 4） The contents of calcium and phosphorus in dry defatted tibi-al ash were significantly increased by dietary NPP supplementation （P〈0.05）. 5） The contents in plasma of parathyroid hormone was significantly higher in birds fed diets containing 0.40% and 0.45% NPP than in those of 0.30% and 0.35% NPP （P〈0.05） and calcitonin was higher in birds fed 0.50% NPP than all other NPP levels （ P〈0.05） . The results indicate that the optimal dietary NPP level for yellow-feathered broiler breeders aged from 39 to 46 weeks is 0.40% to 0.45%, equivalent to 0.488 to 0.549 g/d on the basis of calculated by feed intake.