社区精神分裂症患者未患病一级亲属的认知功能研究

Studying on cognitive function in the healthy first-degree relatives of community patients with schizophrenia

目的:探讨社区内的偏执型精神分裂症患者未患病一级亲属的认知功能特点。方法:采用威斯康辛卡片分类测验(WCST)、木块图测验、数字广度测验、电脑版Stroop颜色干扰测验与Oddball测验(新异刺激范式)对68名社区内精神分裂症患者的未患病一级亲属(亲属组)和58名正常对照者(对照组)进行综合分析能力、空间协调、工作记忆等执行功能评定及比较。结果:亲属组WCST中重复错误(P=0.003)、完成分类(P=0.004)、完成总数(P=0.029)、错误应答(P=0.018)、持续错误(P=0.037)、数字广度倒背(t=-2.667,P=0.009)成绩显著差于对照组;Stroop测验中亲属组反应时显著长于对照组,正确率显著低于对照组(P均<0.000);在Oddball测试中亲属组仅反应时显著长于对照组(P<0.000),正确率两组间差异无统计学意义。结论:精神分裂症患者一级亲属存在综合分析能力和工作记忆缺陷,其有可能是精神分裂症的内表型。

Objective： To study cognitive function in healthy first-degree relatives of community patients with schizophrenia. Method： The comprehensive analysis ability,spatial coordination and working memory,etc were assessed in 68 healthy first-degree relatives of community patients with schizophrenia（ relative group）and 58 normal controls（ control group） by Wisconsin card sorting test（ WCST）,block design,digit span,Stroop word color test（ computer version） and Oddball test（ extraneous stimulus paradigm）,and the results were compared. Results： In the relative group,the results of repeat mistakes（ P = 0. 003）,categories achieved（ P =0. 004）,the total number of completed（ P = 0. 029）,error response（ P = 0. 018）,perseverative errors（ P =0. 037） in WCST and backward digit span（ P = 0. 009） were worse than those in the control group. In the Stroop word color test,the reaction time of relative group was significantly longer and correct rate was significantly lower than the control group（ both P〈0. 000）. In the Oddball test,the reaction time of relative group was significantly longer than the control group（ all P〈0. 000）. The correct rate between the two groups had no significantly difference. Conclusion： The first-degree relatives of schizophrenia have cognitive deficits,especially in executive function and working memory,which may be endophenotypes of schizophrenia.