注意缺陷多动障碍患儿注意功能损害及其危险因素分析

Impairment of the attention function and its risk factors in children with attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder

目的:探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿注意抑制功能及其危险因素。方法:对107例ADHD儿童及与其人口学资料相匹配的213名健康儿童进行持续注意检测,并对两组人口学相关指标进行比较。结果:ADHD组持续注意检测中不该反应时反应的错误数[(3.51±1.48)个]显著高于对照组[(2.93±1.58)个](t=3.161,P=0.002);人口学及家庭资料比较发现ADHD组患儿剖腹产、精神疾病家族史阳性、父亲性格或父母性格内向、家庭教育方式不当等均明显多于对照组(P均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示父母的性格内向、精神疾病家族史阳性、批评为主的教育方式是儿童ADHD的危险因素。结论:ADHD儿童存在注意抑制功能下降;家庭环境因素可能是ADHD发生的重要因素。

Objective： To investigate the attention-inhibition function and the related risk factors in children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder（ ADHD）. Method： The sustained attention tests was performed in 107 ADHD children（ ADHD group） and 213 demographic matched healthy children（ control group）;and the demographic data of the two groups were compared. Results： In the sustained attention tests,the mistake reaction times in ADHD group[（ 3. 51 ± 1. 48） times]was significantly higher than the control group [（ 2. 93 ±1. 58） times]（ t = 3. 161,P = 0. 002）. Compared to the control group,the cesarean birth,the positive family history with mental illness,father or parents introverted personality,improper family education were significantly higher than those in the control group（ all P〈0. 05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the parents introverted personality,positive family history with mental illness and criticism as the main way in the family education were the risk factors of ADHD. Conclusion： The attention-inhibition function is impairment in ADHD children. The family environmental factors may be the important factors that affect ADHD occurred.