角接触球轴承热特性分析及试验

Thermal Characteristics Analysis and Experiment for Angular Contact Ball Bearing

为了预测并控制轴承运转过程中热态特性对进给系统精度的影响,基于球轴承拟静力学和摩擦生热理论,计算了包括自旋摩擦力矩在内的摩擦生热,分析了热传递方式,并建立了热传递模型和一种考虑接触热阻的球轴承组件有限元热结构模型。采用有限元法仿真轴承组件稳态温度场,搭建试验台测试了不同转速和载荷下轴承的稳态温度分布及轴向热位移。结果表明:转速和轴向载荷对轴承温升及轴向热位移影响较大,其中温升在10℃以内时,轴向热位移与温度线性关系明显;在温度场中,滚珠温度最高,内圈温度次之,外圈温度最低;仿真结果与测试结果相对误差在7%以内,可有效预测轴承在不同工况下的稳态温度场及轴向热位移。

To predict and control the effects of thermal properties of ball bearings on feed system accuracy, total heat generated by ball bearings, including self-spin friction torque was evaluated following the quasi-static and friction heat production theory, and the heat transfer way was analyzed. A heat transfer model considering thermal contact resistance between bearing components was established, and a test rig was set up to measure the temperature distribution and axial thermal displacement in the cases of different axial forces and rotation speeds. The results show that rotation speed and axial force exert a significant impact on bearing temperature distribution and thermal displacement. The axial thermal displacement linearly depends on temperature within 10 ℃ of temperature rise. The temperature of bails gets the highest, followed by inner ring, while outer ring the lowest. The relative error between test results and simulation results is within 7%.