我国铁矿选矿技术最新进展

New Development on Mineral Processing Technology of Iron Ore Resources in China

介绍了我国铁矿资源的分布及特点,总结了近5 a我国铁矿选矿技术领域的研究进展,着重评述了微细粒铁矿分选、破碎磨矿、磁化焙烧、深度还原、铁尾矿再选、常温捕收剂研发等方面形成的铁矿选矿新技术及新成果。磁重浮联合分选工艺可以实现微细粒铁矿和铁尾矿的高效分选;与常规碎磨技术相比,高压辊磨、自磨/半自磨和搅拌磨技术可以降低矿石碎磨过程中的能耗;磁化焙烧新技术(闪速焙烧、流化床焙烧和悬浮焙烧)与深度还原技术为难以利用的铁矿资源开辟了新途径;新型常温铁矿捕收剂的应用可以降低浮选作业温度,显著降低能耗。指出了未来我国铁矿选矿技术的主要发展方向为微细粒铁矿强化分离基础性课题的研究,高效碎磨设备及新型矿石预处理设备的研制与应用,绿色环保选矿工艺及药剂的研发。

The distribution and characteristics of iron ore resources in China was described and research progress in iron ore beneficiation was summarized. The new technology and achievements,which formed in the aspect of microgranular iron ore separation,comminution,magnetizing roasting,coal-based reduction,iron tailing separation and room temperature collector,were reviewed in detail. The microgranular iron ore and iron tailing can be separated through the process containing magnetic separa-tion,gravity separation and flotation. The energy consumption in the ore crushing and grinding was significantly reduced using high-pressure grinding roller,AG/SAG mill and stirred mill. Magnetizing roast（ i. e. ,flash magnetizing roasting,fluidized bed magnetizing roasting and suspension roasting） and coal-based reduction provide a new way for utilization of refractory iron ore. The flotation temperature was effectively decreased by room temperature collector. The development tendencies in mineral pro-cessing of iron ore are investigation of scientific problems in microgranular iron ore separation,development and application of efficient comminution equipment and new pretreatment equipment,research on environment protecting beneficiation process and reagent.