非洲某钽铌砂矿矿石性质及预选工艺研究

Study on Property and Pre-separation for a Tantalum-niobium Placer Deposit in Africa

为了给中国某矿业公司开发非洲某钽铌砂矿提供依据,首先对该矿矿石进行了工艺矿物学研究,结果表明:矿石中钽、铌的含量分别达到了97.4 g/t和1 044.2 g/t,远远超过了工业开采指标要求;有用矿物除铌铁矿外,还伴生钛铁矿、锡石、锆石以及独居石、钍石等,脉石矿物则主要为石英、长石;有用矿物嵌布粒度较粗,且基本都已经单体解离,同时它们与石英、长石的重选分离难易度处于"较易"范围;矿石中+3 mm粒级的产率达21.10%,但钽、铌在其中的分布率只有3.04%和1.33%。根据工艺矿物学研究结果,采用原矿按3 mm筛分抛尾、筛分精矿跳汰抛尾、跳汰精矿按0.5 mm分级摇床精选的工艺流程进一步进行了预选试验,获得了预选精矿产率为0.71%,Ta2O5、Nb2O5、Sn、Zr O2品位分别为1.21%、12.93%、7.12%、14.97%,相应回收率分别为89.45%、90.04%、87.16%、70.58%的较好指标,并使钛、钍、铪、铈也得到了富集。下一步将对预选精矿开展有用矿物互相分离的深选试验。

In order to provide technical basis on development of a tantalum niobium placer in Africa for a Chinese mining company,process mineralogy research is carried out on the ore. The results indicated that,the content of tantalum and niobium reaches 97. 4 g/t and 1 044. 2 g/t respectively,much higher than the industrial mining requirements. Besides niobite and il-menite,there are useful minerals of cassiterite, zircon and monazite, thorium also associated. Gangue minerals are mainly quartz,feldspar;useful minerals are disseminated in relatively coarser size and somehow have already been liberated,and the degree of liberation from quartz and feldspar by gravity separation iseasier;yield rate of the ore in＋3 mm grade account for 21. 10%,but distribution rate of tantalum and niobium is only 3. 04% and 1. 33% respectively. According to the process min-eralogy,pre-separation experiments on run-of-mine ore are made,including the run-of-mine classified at 3 mm,and the coarse concentrate discarded by jig further,then classification by 0. 5 mm and through cleaning separation by shaking table respective-ly. Pre-separation concentrate with yield rate of 0. 71%,Ta2O5,Nb2O5,Sn,ZrO2 grade of 1. 21%,12. 93%, 7. 12% and 14. 97% respectively,and the corresponding recovery rate of 89. 45%,90. 04%,87. 16%,70. 58% was obtained,meanwhile titanium, thorium, hafnium, cerium have also been enriched. Valuable minerals in pre-separation concentrate separated from each other will be further researched.