立式加工中心主轴箱设计及特性研究

Design and Characteristic Research of the Spindle Box of Vertical Machining Center

主轴箱是高速立式加工中心关键部件,其静刚度、动态特性对加工中心的加工精度与平稳性具有重要影响。以DVG850高速立式加工中心主轴箱为研究对象,建立了主轴箱四种不同结构的几何模型设计方案,利用有限元仿真软件对主轴箱静力学、模态及谐响应进行了仿真计算,得到了主轴箱静刚度、固有频率、振型及激励频率下的共振区域。通过对有限元仿真云图与数据进行比较分析,可知方案二为最佳筋板结构布局设计,表明该研究方法可对提高主轴箱结构固有频率,增加结构刚度,避免发生共振提供依据,为其他机床主轴箱结构设计与优化改进提供理论依据,缩短了设计周期。

Headstock is the key components of the high speed vertical machining center, its static stiffness, dynamic characteristics has great effect on machining precision and stability of machining cen- ter. Taking DVG850 high speed vertical machining center spindle box as the research object, the design scheme of geometrical model of four kinds of different structure of spindle box is established, by using the finite element simulation software, the simulating calculation of the statics, modal and harmonic re- sponse of the spindle box are carried out, the resonance region of spindle box under static stiffness, natural frequency, vibration mode and the excitation frequency are got. Through the comparison analy- sis of finite element simulation of cloud and data, known that scheme two rib structure is the best lay- out, it is indicated that the research method can be to improve the spindle box structure natural fre- quency and increase the structure stiffness, provides the basis for avoiding resonance, for other machine tool spindle box the theory basis for optimization of structural design and improvement is provided, the design cycle can be shorten.