“法治社会”辨析——以“社会”为中心的考察

An Analysis of "Society Ruled by Law" : "Society-centered" Investigation

中国法学界主流的国家与社会关系理论的平面特质,决定了对法治社会内涵理解的单一性。根据马克思主义关于人的自然、社会与实践属性,以及人的国家、社会与共同体身份之存在方式的理论,法治社会应包含法治"人民"社会、法治"臣民"社会与法治"公民"社会三个层次。法治"人民"社会主要体现社会主体的"政治人"属性,其核心内容是法律规范与限制权力;法治"臣民"社会主要体现社会主体的"经济人"属性,其核心内容是保障权利与依法行政;法治"公民"社会主要体现社会主体的"法律人"属性,其核心内容是法律意识与遵守法律。

The characteristics of the mainstream views about the relationships between the state and society determine the singleness of the connotation of society ruled by law. According to the Marxism theory about human's natural,social and practical features as well as the theory about the existence ways being living in the state,society and community for humans,society ruled by law should include ' the people society ruled by law', ' the subject society ruled by law' and ' the civil society ruled by law'. ' The people society ruled by law' mainly reflects the ' political person' property of the social subject,and the core content is legal norms and limiting powers. ' The subject society ruled by law' mainly reflects the ' economic person' property of the social subject,and the core content is right guarantee and the administration by law. ' The civil society ruled by law' mainly reflects the ' lawyer' property of the social subject,and the core content is legal consciousness and the abidance by law.