产品相对价格、要素禀赋与要素收入分配

Product Relative Price,Factor Endowment and Factor Income Distribution

根据斯托尔珀-萨缪尔森定理,在劳动力资源丰富的国家,对外贸易可以提升劳动所有者的收入。然而在20世纪90年代中期以来中国劳动要素收入在总产出中的份额持续下降。本文发现上世纪90年代中期以来汇率改革和总需求结构扭曲所造成的出口品(劳动密集型产品)相对价格下降和进口品价格相对上涨对劳动要素收入份额产生了重大的负面影响。基于超越对数形式的GDP函数与似不相关模型的实证结果为本文的发现提供了理论与实证依据。

According to the Stolper-Samuelson theorem,in a country with rich labor resources,foreign trade can promote labors' income. However,since the middle of 1990 s,labor income share in the total output continues declining in China. This paper finds that the relative price decrease of export products and the relative price rising of import products caused by exchange rate reform and aggregate demand structure distortion since the middle of 1990 s have great negative effects on labor factor income share. The results based on translog GDP fuctions and seemly unrelated models provide the theories and substantial evidence basis for the paper.