论《血色子午线》对“美国例外论”的解构与批判

On Deconstruction and Critique of American Exceptionalism in Blood Meridian

"美国例外论"作为一种意识形态已经深深根植于美国文化之中,并成为美国外交政策的基石。对"美国例外论"的批判不仅是社会历史学家关注的话题,更是美国许多后现代作家笔下的一个重要主题,科马克·麦卡锡的《血色子午线》就是其中的代表。本文拟从形式与内容的强大反差、"道路"的喻指意义以及叙述与话语权力三个方面来论述《血色子午线》对"美国例外论"的解构和深刻批判。

American exceptionalism is deeply embedded in American culture as a kind of ideology, and has constituted the cornerstone of American foreign policy. American exceptionalism has been repudiated and severely criticized, not only by so- cial historians, but also by many postmodern American writers. Blood Meridian by Cormac McCarthy is one of such critics. This paper makes an attempt to illustrate how the novel deconstructs and criticizes American exeeptionalism from three perspectives： the sharp contrast between form and content, the symbolic meanings of the road, and narrative and discourse power.