餐饮油烟污染物成分分析及其洗涤处理研究

Treatment of Washing Cooking Fumes and Analysis on Main Pollutant Composition in Cooking Fumes

利用自制的餐饮油烟洗涤净化装置,采用热脱附-气相色谱-质谱法分析油烟的成分,结果显示丙烯醛、辛酮、辛醛为油烟主要污染物,其相对强度为100、51、50。分别用清水、活性污泥和活性污泥+木炭洗涤模拟餐饮油烟,试验结果表明,装置对油烟气有良好的去除效率,出口处质谱峰明显少于进口处,且色谱峰面积明显减小,达到较为理想的处理效果。在烟气流量为1.6m3/h,油加热温度为160℃,洗涤液量为20L条件下,每天运行9h,共运行22d,清水、活性污泥和活性污泥+木炭对油烟的平均去除率分别达到49.6%、66.2%和83.5%,表明活性污泥+木炭对油烟的洗涤效果最佳。这主要是因为活性污泥中微生物的降解作用和木炭的吸附作用对油烟污染物的去除起协同作用。

A combined equipment scrubbing cooking fumes was employed and thermal desorption and GC-MS were used to analyze the organic components in cooking fumes.The results showed that the main pollutants of cooking fumes were acrolein,octanone and octanal,and their relative intensity were100,70 and 85,respectively.Simulated cooking fumes was washed by water,activated sludge and ACactivated sludge,and the results showed that the removed efficiency of the combined equipment scrubbing cooking fumes was good.The mass spectrographic peaks at outlet was obviously less than inlet of the device,and the chromatographic peak area was clearly decreased.It was found that the device could remove most of the matter from the cooking fumes,and ideal effects were achieved.When the flow of cooking fumes was 1.6m3/h,the temperature of waste oil heated was 160℃,the washing liquid volume was 20 L,the device runs 9hours every day and runs for 22 days,the removal efficiency were 49.6%,66.2%and 83.5%,respectively when washed by water,activated sludge and AC-activated sludge.The purifying efficiency of AC-activated sludge was better than water and activated sludge due to the absorption of AC and the excellent microbial degradation on cooking fumes.