浙江清凉峰弹尾虫多样性及森林土壤环境评价的初步研究

Evaluation of a forest soil environment based on collembolan diversity in Qingliangfeng of Zhejiang

为了解浙江清凉峰森林土壤生态系统健康状况,探讨多因素影响下土壤弹尾虫群落结构和数量特征变化,于2012年5-8月,对浙江清凉峰3个样地(龙塘山、千顷塘和干坑林区)中不同土壤层中的弹尾虫群落进行了调查研究。共获得标本1 552头,隶属于8科17属,其中龙塘山样地中的类群数量和个体数量最多,占整个类群总数的39.5%,千顷塘样地次之,干坑林区样地最少,仅占总数的28.7%。3个样地中,弹尾虫个体密度在土壤的垂直分布中均具明显表聚性。分析弹尾虫群落的多样性指数与森林土壤环境的关系表明,3个样地中弹尾虫群落随植物种类和干扰强度的变化而变化,个体总数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均在植物种类丰富、干扰强度小的龙塘山样地较高,此处森林土壤健康程度也较高。随着植物种类减少和干扰强度的增加,干坑林区样地的多样性指数减小,森林土壤健康程度也较低。

To understand the degree of forest soil ecosystem health in different habitats of the Qingliangfeng Forest in Zhejiang, the collembolan community in varying soil layers of three sample sites （the Longtangshan, Qianqingtang, and Gankeng plots） were tested from May to August in 2012. Analysis of the forest soil environmental and the diversity index of the collembolan community was conducted based on vegetation types and degrees of interference. Results revealed a total of 1 552 individuals collembolan present belonging to 8 families and 17 genera with groups and individuals from Longtangshan accounting for 39.5%, then Qianqingtang, and Gankeng having 28.7%. Individual density and the group number of soil fauna decreased with increasing soil depth. Analysis of the forest soil environment and the diversity index of the collembolan community was significantly greater （or less than） for vegetation types and degrees of interference. The total number and diversity index of the collembolan community were greatest with many plant species and a small disturbance and least with a single plant species and a serious disturbance.