国外背包探险旅游户外安全预警体系研究

Study on Proactive System in Outdoor Risk Management of Backpacker Tourism and Adventure Tourism in Advanced Countries

本文通过实地调研、专家访谈、文献研究等方法,梳理了国外户外安全预警体系的经验和已有理论研究成果,其核心观点是:从背包旅游和户外探险者的动机来看,追求风险是必然的。在"风险"和"安全"概念矛盾的语境下,户外风险管理的核心理念不是杜绝威胁安全的风险,而是给予户外旅行者以良好的信息,使他们能在信息充分的情况下为自己的生命做出正确的决策。户外安全预警是我国背包探险旅游机制已有实践中最忽视、已有研究中最薄弱和最关键的领域,文末从国外这一领域的实践和研究成果中提取出对中国有借鉴和实际意义的启示和建议。

Through fieldwork, expert interviews and literature review, the authors study the overseas experiences in advanced countries and its theoretical research in the proactive system in outdoor risk management. The key viewpoint is that pursuing risk is inevitable in terms of the motivation of backpackers and outdoor adventurers. When risk and safety seemingly contradict, the key idea for outdoor management is not to prevent the risks, but to facilitate the outdoor travelers with sufficient information so that they can make the right decision for their safety. Proactive system is the foremost important yet the weakest and most ignored field in China＇ s academic research and existing practice.The authors present the implications and countermeasures that can be applied in China based on overseas proactive system study in outdoor risk management.