江苏沿海新围垦区不同灌溉模式种植大棚西瓜比较

Comparison of Different Irrigation Modes for Greenhouse Watermelon Planting in Coastal Areas of Jiangsu Province

在江苏沿海新围垦区采取微喷、滴灌与常规灌溉3种模式种植早春红玉、特小凤和京欣1号大棚西瓜,分析比较其灌溉水量、产量与经济效益。试验结果表明：与常规灌溉相比,采取节水灌溉的不同品种西瓜主要节水量均发生在膨大期,微喷和滴灌分别节水47.7%-51.1%和61.8%-67.2%。微喷和滴灌模式下西瓜分别增产2.5%-4.0%和11.5%-16.7%,分别减少人工57和67.5工日/hm^2,分别净增收益3587.1-5019.6和8 698.8-12952.8元/hm^2。在江苏沿海新围垦区种植大棚西瓜,采取滴灌方式,品种选取早春红玉净增收益最高,其次为特小凤。

Three irrigation modes,including micro-spray irrigation,drip irrigation and conventional irrigation,are used to plant three kinds of greenhouse watermelon,namely Zaochunhongyu,Texiaofeng and Jingxin No.1,in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province.The irrigation water amount,yields of watermelon and economic benefits are analyzed and compared.The results show that the watersaving amount mainly occurs in the expansion period of watermelon for all the test varieties under water-saving irrigation when comparing to conventional irrigation mode;the water-saving rates are 47.7% -51.1% and 61.8% -67.2%,respectively,for microspray irrigation and drip irrigation;the yields of watermelon increase by 2.5%-4.0%and 11.5%-16.7%,the workloads decrease by 57workdays/hm2 and 67.5workdays/hm2,and the net profits are 3 587.1-5 019.6yuan/hm^2 and 8698.8-12 952.8yuan/hm^2,respectively,under micro-spray irrigation mode and drip irrigation mode.Generally,in coastal areas of Jiangsu province and under drip irrigation mode,planting Zaochunhongyu has the highest economic benefits and follows by Texiaofeng.