北京市大兴区民用燃煤汞污染研究

Atmospheric Mercury Emission from Domestic Coal in Daxing, Beijing

采用Lumex RA915＋M测汞仪对北京黄村镇3个自然村56户家庭进行了入户检测、采样。结果表明56户人家烟气中汞浓度均值为723 ng/m3。空气汞测定表明生活燃煤汞排放导致三个自然村的空气汞浓度提高到7～13 ng/m3，显著高于未受燃煤影响的附近念坛水库周边空气汞浓度（1.7 ng/m3）。调查发现，较高价格蜂窝煤中汞含量较低（均值163 ng/g），廉价蜂窝煤中汞含量较高（均值552 ng/g）。总之，生活燃煤确实存在汞排放，廉价劣质的蜂窝煤流向民用市场更可能导致生活燃煤汞排放加剧。

Indoor in-situ mercury emission measurement and sampling was conducted in 56 household of three villages in Huangcun town, Daxing district of Beijing in this study, using Lumex RA915＋M mercury analyzer. The result indicated a prevailing mercury emission from domestic heating coal in 56 household with no exception, with an mean mercury concentration of 723 ng/m3. Further outdoor measurement showed an elevated mercury concentration of 7~13 ng/m3 in the near surface air or all three villages, which is significantly higher than the mercury concentration （ 1.7 ng/m3） of near surface air of adjacent Niantan reservoir, which is remote from burning domestic coal. Additionally, lab measurement of domestic coal samples suggested the mercury content is relevant to the quality of coal, manifested by the price. The honeycomb briquettes with higher price have a relatively low mercury content （mean： 163 ng/g）, while cheap ones has high mercury content （mean：552 ng/g）. These findings verifies mercury emission from domestic heating coal and suggest a potential environmental and public health hazard on rural population caused by cheap＆amp;nbsp;yet inferior and hazardous honeycomb briquette entering the market.