深层悲剧与浅层悲剧——从“大团圆”和悲剧人物谈起

Profound Tragedy and Superf icial Tragedy——Study of Happy Ending and Tragic Characters

中国近现代学者对悲剧的讨论,焦点在于如何看待"大团圆"结局。如果将悲剧划分为深层悲剧和浅层悲剧,就会发现中国古典戏剧中确实存在着悲剧。简要梳理中国近现代学者关于"大团圆"的讨论和西方学者的悲剧人物观,分析深层悲剧和浅层悲剧的本质、特征和意义,有助于进一步揭示悲剧对中西方民族思维和精神的影响。

Contemporary Chinese scholars of drama are divided when viewing the happy ending. If tragedy falls into two categories, the profound tragedy and superfi cial tragedy, then there are such in Chinese classical opera. This paper summarizes research on the happy ending in China, and in the light of Western tragic personality theories, analyzes the two tragedies in terms of their defi nitions, features and signifi cance, revealing the impact of tragedy on both Chinese and Western thinking.