西南边疆民族认同的多元化选择

Multiple Approaches to the Identity of Ethnic Groups in the Southwest Border

民族认同是民族学研究的核心内容之一。由于特殊的区域效应和民族特点,西南边疆各民族在认同方面存在多元化选择,主要是地方语境下的选择和国家语境下的选择。地方语境下的选择反映本民族的归属和自觉认知,以及对本民族利益的关照和追求;国家语境下的民族认同是对国家宪政制度的认可,是对国家的归属和效忠。国家语境选择和地方语境选择在根本利益上应该是一致的,不存在任何矛盾与问题,但如果过份强调一方的选择而忽视另一方的选择,就会产生民族问题。如何维护国家语境下的民族认同,关照地方语境下的民族认同,营造多民族国家的认同和谐,具有普遍的理论意义和现实意义。

The national identity is one of the core items in ethnological research.Because of the special effects and ethnic characteristics of the region,there are multiple approaches to the identity of different ethnic groups in the southwest border,mainly in accordance with the local language context or the national language context.The selection of national identity under the local language context will reflect the roots and the conscious perceptions of the ethnic groups themselves,as well as the care and pursuit of the interests of their own groups;however,the selection of national identity under the national language context is related to the recognition of the constitutional system of the country,and the identity and loyalty to the whole nation.The fundamental interests of the selection of the national language context or that of the local context should be the same,without any contra-diction and problem.However,once one side is overemphasized while the other is overlooked,national problems will come out.Therefore,how to maintain national identity under the national language context,how to care for national identity under the local language context,and how to create a harmonious multi -ethnic identity in the country is of theoretical and practical significance.