摘要
肿瘤 suppressor p53 是在人的癌症的最经常变异的基因之一。MicroRNAs (miRNAs ) 是在 post-transcriptional 水平上调整基因表示的小 non-proteincoding RNA。最近， p53 调整几 miRNAs 的 theexpression，这被显示出，从而代表 p53 发信号的重要机制。几个独立人士作为最流行的导致 p53 的 miRNAs 学习 miR-34 家庭的 identifiedthe 成员。miR-34s 经常是在 tumorentities 的变化的 silenced，建议他们是重要肿瘤 suppressors。确实， miR-34s 的宫外的表示禁止增长，对各种各样的癌症房间实体的间充质的转变，移植，侵略，和转移上皮。而且， miR-34 的 deliveryor 重新表示在癌症老鼠模型导致肿瘤生长和转移的著名压抑，并且可以 thereforerepresent 为未来癌症治疗学的有效策略。除他们在癌症的关键函数以外， themiR-34 家庭的成员也在精子发生，干细胞区别， neuronal 开发，老化，和 cardiovascularfunctions 起重要作用。因而， miR-34 也在各种各样的非癌的疾病被含有，例如大脑混乱，骨质疏松症，和心血管的复杂并发症。
The tumor suppressor p53 is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers. MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are small non-protein coding RNAs that regulate gene expression on the post-transcriptional level. Recently, it was shown that p53 regulates the expression of several miRNAs, thereby representing an important mechanism of p53 signaling. Several independent studies identified the members of the miR-34 family as the most prevalent p53-induced miRNAs, miR-34s are frequently silenced in variety of tumor entities, suggesting that they are important tumor suppressors. Indeed, ectopic expression of miR-34s inhibits proliferation, epithelial to mes- enchymat transition, migration, invasion, and metastasis of various cancer celt entities. Moreover, delivery or re-expression of miR-34 leads to notable repression of tumor growth and metastasis in cancer mouse models, and may therefore represent an efficient strategy for future cancer therapeutics. Besides their crucial functions in cancer, members of the miR-34 family also play important roles in spermatogenesis, stem cell differentiation, neuronal development, aging, and cardiovascular functions. Consequently, miR-34 has also been implicated in various non-cancerous diseases, such as brain disorders, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular complications.
