网络空间中的政策问题建构

Construction of Policy Issues in Cyberspace

信息技术正通过网络塑造一个似乎与自然和社会并列的虚拟世界。在这一世界之中,信息流动突破了所有界限,实现了社会的再度脱域化,以至于物理空间距离不再成为政策问题建构权获取的障碍。这一方面使社会问题能够瞬间到达每一个网络终端,在得到广泛关注的条件下转化为政策问题;另一方面,在从社会问题向政策问题转化的过程中,人们的意愿表达从网络的任何节点开始,可以自由地进入政策问题建构过程。由此,政策问题不再是既往的地方性问题。同时,政策问题建构权也呈现为在整个网络空间中的扩散状况,表现出流动性特征。在流动的网络空间中,社会的中心—边缘结构失去了存在的根基,进入一个"去中心化"过程。社会结构上的"去中心化"将使人从制度束缚中解放出来,获得真正的自主性。网络结构中的政策问题建构是由自主的个体来完成的,然而由于网络中的个体处在与他人的共生关系之中,因此是在相互影响和高频互动的状态中开展行动的。在此种条件下,政策问题的建构也将在人的合作行动中展开。

Information technology is now shaping a virtual world through the internet,one that is seemingly parallel with nature and society.In this world,information flow breaks down all boundaries and realizes a second disembodiment of society,so that physical distance is no obstacle to acquiring the right to construct policy issues.On one hand,social issues can reach every internet terminal instantly and attract widespread concern,thus becoming policy issues;on the other,in the course of this transition from social issues to policy issues,opinions can be expressed at any network node and so freely enter the construction of policy issues.Therefore,policy issues are no longer local as they were in the past.Meanwhile,the right to construct policy issues is dispersed in cyberspace and marked by fluidity.In this fluid cyberspace,the center-periphery social structure has lost its roots and become a process of 'decentralization.' The decentralization of social structure will allow people break away from the shackles of the system and acquire real autonomy.The construction of policy issues under the network structure has been achieved by autonomous individuals and operates through interrelationships involving high-frequency interaction,since every individual in cyberspace has a symbiotic relationship with others.Under these conditions,the construction of policy issues will be carried out through human cooperation.