“破旧立新”:中共革命政策与陕甘宁根据地借贷关系的恢复与重建

“Destroy the Old and Establish the New”: the CPC's Revolutionary Policy and the Restoration and Reconstruction of Debtor and Creditor Relationship in Shanxi,Gansu and Ningxia Base Area

本文通过对大量文献资料的分析,试图从中共革命政策与乡村社会之间的互动关系中解析中共借贷政策的实际效果和陕甘宁根据地借贷关系的坎坷转变历程。论文重点从废债毁约、减息清债、打击高利贷活动三个方面论述了中共对陕甘宁根据地传统借贷关系进行的革命。在对这些运动的绩效与不足进行了客观、辩证地分析的基础上,从两个方面论述了中共在陕甘宁根据地进行借贷关系的恢复和重建工作:一是对于乡村社会原有的私人借贷和合理的传统借贷组织的恢复;二是推动信用合作社的建立和推行农贷政策。到抗日战争后期最终形成以农贷为主导,结合信用合作社贷款及合理的民间借贷的乡村借贷制度。

Based on the analysis of extensive literature, this paper intends to analyze the actual result of the policy of CPC （the Communist Party of China） debit and credit and the rough transformation process of the debit and credit relationship in Shanxi ,Gansu and Ningxia base area according to the interaction between CPC revolutionary policy and rural community. The paper discusses the CPC＇ s revolution on the traditional loan and relationship in Shan,xi Gansu and Ningxia base area from three perspectives, namely, abolishing debts and breaking contracts, cutting interests and clearing debts and fighting against usury. By objectively and dialectically analyzing the performance and weaknesses of these campaigns, this paper discusses the restoration and reconstruction of CPC＇s Debtor and Creditor Relationship from two aspects, firstly, the restoration of personal debit and credit that used to be in the rural community and reasonable traditional debit and credit organizations; secondly, the promotion of the establishment of credit cooperatives and the pursuit of agricultural credit policy. By the end of the Anti-Japanese War, the rural debit and credit system which includes the dominant agricultural credit policy combining with the debit from credit cooperatives as well as reasonable folk loan had been finally formed.