福建10个茶树杂交创新种质初步鉴定

Preliminary Identification of 10 Tea Hybridization Germplasms in Fujian Province

对10个茶树杂交创新种质形态特征和生物学特性、生化成分、乌龙茶制茶品质、遗传相似性进行初步鉴定,结果表明:1参试种质为灌木型或小乔木型,树姿直立或半开张,中叶类。发芽密度中或密,1芽2叶生育期在3月中旬至下旬,芽叶色泽有黄绿色、紫绿色、紫红色3种类型,茸毛少。叶片大小为中叶,叶型有卵圆、椭圆、长椭圆3种类型,叶质均柔软。2参试种质间1芽3叶长、1芽3叶百芽重、花冠直径、花瓣个数、果实大小、种径大小均无显著差异。3参试种质生化分析样品水分、水浸出物、氨基酸、咖啡碱、茶多酚、酚氨比均无显著差异。4FT104、FT516、FT528乌龙茶加工品质优,可作为育种材料利用。5在遗传相似系数为0.53处可将参试种质分为4类,其中FT102和FT516为第1类,FT1031为第2类,FT1032为第3类,其他7个种质为第4类。

The morphological and biological characteristics,biochemical composition,Oolong Tea quality,genetic similarity of 10 tea hybridized germplasms were character.Our results showed that：①The tree model are shrub or small tree,and the tree pose are erect or semi opened;the bud germinated moderately or densely,a bud and two leaves growth begins in the middle to late March,and there are 3 color types on bud and leaves：yellow green, purple green,purple,and less hair on leaves;All tested germplasms are middle leaves,and there are 3 leaves types：oval,elliptical,long elliptic;Leaves matter is soft.②There have no significant differences in the length of a bud and three leaves,the 100 buds weight of a bud and three leaves,the flower diameter,the flower number,the fruit size and the seed size.③ There have no significant differences in moisture content,water extracts,amino acids,caffeine,tea polyphenols,phenol ammonia ratio.④ FT104,FT516,FT528 could be priority used as breeding materials as their excellent Oolong Tea quality.⑤The tested germplasms could be divided into 4 types in genetic similarity coefficient of 0.53,the first class included FT102 and FT516,the second class is FT1031,the third class is FT1032,the fourth class included the other 7 germplasms.