产后16周内的乳碘和尿碘浓度（英文）

Iodine Concentrations in Breast Milk and Urine in Mothers and Infants During the Period of 16 Weeks Postpartum

背景近年来,特别是在适碘地区,关注产后4月的乳母和婴儿的碘营养状况的研究很少。然而,如果该部分人群存在碘缺乏,将会造成严重的不良影响。方法本次研究跟踪调查了30对乳母和婴儿,调查时间是从分娩后开始直至产后16 w停止。乳母和婴儿尿样采集时间是在产后的第4,8和12 w,乳母的乳样采集时间是在产后第4,8,12和16 w。结果在产后12 w内,乳母的尿碘浓度中位数是110.1μg/L(78.3,138.8μg/L),在产后16 w内,乳碘浓度的中位数是171.8μg/L(125.4,261.1μg/L)。其中,乳碘浓度中位数和乳母尿碘浓度中位数差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。乳母尿碘浓度中位数和乳碘浓度中位数无相关性。婴儿尿碘中位数是211.8μg/L(141.5μg/L,283.1μg/L),其中,4,8和12 w时的婴儿尿碘浓度中位数差别无统计学意义(P=0.177),乳母尿碘浓度对婴儿尿碘浓度无影响(P=0.625),但是婴儿尿碘浓度随着乳碘浓度的增加而增加。第4,8,12和16 w时的乳碘浓度中位数差别具有统计学意义(P<0.001),且随着时间增长,乳碘浓度有下降趋势(rs=-0.545,P<0.001)。结论适碘地区乳母的乳碘浓度在产后16周的时间内有下降趋势。处于哺乳期的妇女应当考虑适当碘补充剂的摄入。

Objective To investigate the iodine status of lactating women and their infants during the first 4 month postpartum in the regions with optimal iodine nutrition. Methods Thirty pairs of lactating women and infants were followed up for 16 weeks after delivery. Urine samples were collected from mothers and infants at weeks 4, 8 and 12 and maternal breast-milk samples were collected at weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16. The contents of iodine were measured accordingly. Results Over the period of 12 weeks, the median urinary iodine concentration （UIC） of lactating women was 110.1 μg/L （from 78.3μg/L to 138.8μg/L）. Breast milk iodine concentration （BMIC） was 171.8μg/L （from 125.4μg/L to 261.1μg/L） over the period of 16 weeks. There was significant difference between BMIC and UIC in lactating women （P〈0.001）. There was no correlation between UIC and the BMIC in lactating women. The median UIC in infants was 211.8μg/L （from 141.5μg/L to 283.1μg/L）. No differences were observed among UICs of infants over the three sampling times. Infant UIC was correlated with BMIC, but not maternal UIC. A significant difference was observed among BMICs over the four sampling times （P〈0.001）. A decline tendency was found in BMIC with time after delivery （R^2=-0.545, P〈0.001）. Conclusion： BMIC was decreased in the first 16 weeks in the lactating women with an optimal iodine status. So adequate supplementation of iodine is recommended for lactating women.