膳食脂肪酸对胰腺癌小鼠骨骼肌和肝脏细胞中脂肪酸构成的影响（英文）

Effects of Different High Fat Diets on Fatty Acid Composition of Skeletal Muscle and Liver in Nude Mice Bearing Pancreatic Cancer

目的 探讨含不同类型脂肪酸的高脂膳食对荷胰腺癌小鼠骨骼肌和肝脏细胞中脂肪酸构成的影响。方法将60只健康5w龄雄性C57BL/6裸鼠随机分为6组：饱和脂肪酸（SFA）组、单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）组、n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（n-6 PUFA）组、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFA）组、等能量对照（ISO-C）组和正常对照（NC）组。四个高脂膳食组用四种高脂（15%g/100g）饲料分别喂养,其油脂来源分别为椰子油（富含SFA）,橄榄油（富含MUFA）,大豆油（富含n-6 PUFA）和亚麻籽油（富含n-3 PUFA）。ISO-C组和NC组的饲料含4%~5%的大豆油。各组裸鼠在用各自的试验饲料喂养1w后,将HPAF-Ⅱ胰腺癌细胞接种到胰腺内,继续该饲料喂养至第14w末。处死小鼠,取股四头肌和肝组织,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析脂肪酸构成。结果 骨骼肌和肝脏的脂肪酸构成在ISO-C组和NC组之间大致相同,以ISO-C组为对照组,我们发现小鼠骨骼肌脂肪酸的变化如下：（1）属于饱和脂肪酸的棕榈酸（C16：0）、十七烷酸（C17：0）、硬脂酸（C18：0）和花生酸（C20：0）的含量在SFA组增高（P〈0.05）;（2）属于单不饱和脂肪酸的油酸（C18：1）的含量在MUFA组增高（P〈0.05）;（3）属于n-6多不饱和脂肪酸的γ-亚麻酸（γC18：3）的含量在n-6 PUFA组增高（P〈0.05）;（4）属于n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的亚麻酸（C18：3）、二十碳五烯酸（C20：5）和二十二碳五烯酸（C22：5）的含量在n-3 PUFA组增高（P〈0.05）。小鼠肝脏脂肪酸的构成结果显示：（1）饱和脂肪酸的含量在SFA组没有增高;（2）单不饱和脂肪酸中仅二十烯酸（C20：1）的含量在MUFA组增高（P〈0.05）;（3）n-6多不饱和脂肪酸二十碳二烯酸（C20：2）和花生四烯酸（C20：4）的含量在n-6 PUFA组增高（P〈0.05）;（4）亚麻酸（C18：3）、二十碳五烯酸（C20：5）、二十二碳五烯酸（C22：5）和二十二碳六烯酸（C22：6）的含量在n-3 PUFA组均增高（P〈0.05）。结论 荷瘤小鼠进食由不同类型脂肪酸组成的高脂膳食后,骨骼肌脂肪酸的构成反映了饲料脂肪酸的构成,而肝脏脂肪酸的构成与饲料脂肪酸的构成仅部分相同。

Objective To investigate the impacts of different dietary fatty acids on fatty acid composition in skeletal muscle and liver in nude mice bearing pancreatic cancer. Methods Sixty C57BL/6 nude mice were randomly divided into 6 groups： saturated fatty acid-fed group （SFA group）, monounsaturated fatty acid-fed group （MUFA group）, n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid-fed group （n-6 PUFA group）, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-fed group （n-3 PUFA group）, iso-caloric control （ISO-C） and normal control （NC）. Four high fat diets containing 15% oils derived from coconut （SFA group）, olive （MUFA group）, soybean （n-6 PUFA group） and flaxseed （n-3 PUFA group） respectively, were prepared. ISO-C and NC groups were fed diet containing 4%-5% soybean oil. After one week of feeding, HPAF- Ⅱ human pancreatic cancer cells were transplanted orthotopically. The mice were fed corresponding diets in the following 14 weeks and then sacrificed. Skeletal muscle and liver tissues were sampled. Fatty acids in the samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results Fatty acid composition of skeletal muscle and liver were similar between ISO-C group and NC group. Compared to ISO-C group, the contents of fatty acids in skeletal muscle were： （1） palmitic acid （C16：0）, hepentadecane acid （C17：0）, stearic acid （C18：0） and arachidonic acid （C20：0） increased in SFA group （P 〈 0.05）; （2）oleic acid （C18：1） increased in MUFA group （P 〈 0.05）; （3） γ-linolenic acid （y-C18：3） increased in n-6 PUFA group （P〈0.05）; （4） linolenic acid （C18：3）, eicosapentaenoic acid （C20：5） and clupanodonic acid （C22：5） increased in n-3 PUFA group （P〈0.05）. In the liver, the contents of fatty acids were： （1） saturated fatty acids not increased in SFA group; （2） eicosenoic acid （C20：1） increased in MUFA group （P 〈 0.05）; （3） eicosadienoic acid （C20：2） and arachidonic acid （C20：4） increased in n-6 PUFA group （P 〈 0.05）; （4） linolenic acid, eieosapentaenoic acid, clupanodonic acid and doeosahexaenoic acid increased in n-3 PUFA group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion In the mice bearing pancreatic cancer, the fatty acids composition in skeletal muscle were changed in accordance with dietary fatty acids. However, the fatty acid composition in liver was changed only partially by dietary fatty acids.