桥梁工程施工风险损失分级研究

Research on classification of risk losses in bridge construction

为在桥梁施工风险评估中合理地进行风险损失定级,通过研究国内外工程风险评估规范性文件中的风险损失分级标准、风险理论和人的生命价值,提出用改进的人力资本法和生活质量指数(LQI)法来计算桥梁施工风险事件中人的生命价值。最终,建立适合我国国情的桥梁施工风险损失分级原则。研究表明,国内风险评估指南中存在忽略决策人对风险的不同接受程度、以风险指数构建风险矩阵的原则和隐含的人的生命价值估计等问题。在桥梁施工风险评估中,应依据项目情况选择风险损失类别并建立风险损失分级标准、在对数轴上划分风险概率和风险损失、根据决策人风险态度修正实际货币效用曲线。

In order to reasonably grade the risk loss in risk assessment of bridge construction, a comparison was made between risk loss grading standards in engineering risk assessment codes both home and abroad, some derivations were carried out according to risk assessment theory, and life value of people was researched. Improved human capital approach and LQI method were proposed to calculate the human life value in risk events of bridge construction. Risk loss grading standards suitable for China were finally established for bridge construction risk events. It was concluded that domestic risk assessment guides lost sight of different receptivity of different decision-makers towards risk, the principle of constructing risk matrices based on risk index, and the implicit life value of people. It was recommended that in bridge risk assessment people should select risk loss type and establish risk grading standards for specific project, grade risk probability and risk loss on logarithm axis, as well as modify decision-makers＇money utility curve according to their risk attitude.