规约含义与会话含义考辨

A Further Research on Conventional Implicature and Conversational Implicature

含义是Grice意义理论的核心,包括规约含义和会话含义。由于Grice在界定规约含义时语焉不详,因此如何区分规约含义和会话含义一直存在争议。文章基于Grice意义理论的基本哲学精神,并以近些年来中外含义理论研究的主要成果为依据,探讨了规约含义和会话含义的本质和特征,进而以可鉴别特征为标准区分了规约含义和会话含义,从言者意图的基本事实出发,阐释了二者的共性。

Implicature is the core of Grice＇s theory of meaning,which includes conventional implicature and conversational implicature.Since Grice mentioned but did not elaborate on the former in his work, there remains a controversial issue on how to distinguish it from conversational implicature.In light of Grice＇s philosophical view on meaning of language and the major achievements from the last few years＇ study of implicature theory, this paper explores the nature and characteristics of conventional implicature and conversational implicature.Then it distinguishes them by the identifiable characteristics and interprets their similarities in terms of the ultimate facts of speaker＇s intention.