试论如何运用斯金纳强化理论提高小学学生学习的积极性

Discussion on How to Improve the Enthusiasm of Primary School Students Based on Skinner's Reinforcement Theory

强化理论一直对学校教育发展有很重要的影响。本文一方面从斯金纳的强化理论的概念及功能入手,深入浅出地分析正强化与负强化在小学教育中如何提高学生学习的积极性问题,并通过对小学生学习特点的分析,探讨怎样使教师在日常的学校教育中灵活运用它们。另一方面,斯金纳的程序教学法也为我们日常教学提供了丰富的理论指导,文中详细列举了程序教学法的几个方面和我们应采取的措施。

Reinforcement theory has a very important influence on the development of school education. In this paper,on one hand, starting with the concept and functions of Skinner＇s Reinforcement, how to improve the learning enthusiasm of students, through positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement, is analyzed.And through the analysis on the characteristics of learning on students,how to enable teachers to use them flexibly in daily school education are discussed. On the other hand, Skinner＇s Procedure Teaching Method also provides abundant theoretical guidance for our daily teaching. Besides,some aspects of ProcedureTeachingMethod and necessary measuresare listed in detail.