海南三甲医院医护人员心理健康现况调查

Cross-sectional investigation of mental health among medical staff in third-level grade-A hospitals of Hainan Province

目的了解海南三甲医院医护人员的心理健康状况,为促进其身心健康提供科学依据。方法采用横断面研究的方法,采用多级随机抽样的方法抽取3家三甲医院1 042名医护人员,运用心理症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行测评。结果有11.8%(123/1 042)的医护人员有心理疾病倾向。SCL-90总分为(132.69±45.60)分,与全国常模(129.90±38.78)分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=1.974,P<0.05)。SCL-90总均分为(1.47±0.51)分,阳性项目数为(30.33±24.57)项。不同医院间SCL-90总均分及各维度的比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同性别间躯体化(t=3.13,P<0.01)、强迫症状(t=3.17,P<0.01)、抑郁(t=1.95,P<0.05)、焦虑(t=2.26,P<0.05)和人际关系敏感(t=2.47,P<0.01)差异均有统计学意义,女性均高于男性。多重线性回归分析结果显示,罹患某种疾病(β=0.164,P<0.01)、每周值夜班2次及以上(β=0.160,P<0.01)、从医工作年限(β=0.099,P<0.01)、经常不吃早餐(β=0.098,P<0.01)、性别(β=0.062,P<0.05)是心理健康的影响因素。结论海南3家三甲医院医护人员的心理健康水平较低,情势严峻,其原因是自身行为因素、医院管理制度和身体生理因素的综合结果。

[Objective]To understand the mental health among medical staff in third-level grade-A hospitals of Hainan Province,provide scientific evidence for improving their physical and mental health. [Methods]Using the cross-sectional study method,1 042 medical workers were collected from 3 third-level grade-A hospitals by multi-stage random sampling,and the Symptom Checklist-90（SCL-90） was applied in the evaluation.[Results]11.8%（123/1 042） medical workers were prone to mental illness.The total scores of SCL-90 were（132.69 ±45.60）,which was higher than the national norm（129.90 ±38.78） significantly（t=1.974,P〈0.05）. The average scores of SCL-90 were（1.47±0.51）,and there were（30.33±24.57）positive items. There were no significant differences in average scores of SCL-90 and scores of all dimensions among different hospitals（P〉0.05）. The female workers had higher scores than male workers on somatization（t=3.13,P〈0.01）, obsessive-compulsive symptom（t=3.17,P〈0.01）,depression（t=1.95,P〈0.05）,anxiety（t=2.26,P〈0.05） and interpersonal sensitivity（t =2.47,P〈0.01）,and the differences were statistically significant. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that suffering from a disease（β =0.164,P〈0.01）,working on the night shift twice a week or more（β =0.160,P〈0.01）,time engaging in medical work（β =0.099,P〈0.01）,often did not eat breakfast（β=0.098,P〈0.01）and gender（β=0.062,P〈0.05） were the influencing factors of mental health. [Conclusion]The status of mental health is not satisfactory among medical staff in three third-level grade-A hospitals of Hainan Province,and the situation is grim,which is caused by their behavior factors, hospital management system and physiological factors.