对护士中心静脉置管感染预防认知及行为现状的调查

Investigation of cognition and behavior in preventing central venous catheter-related infection

目的：了解临床护士对中心静脉置管感染预防知识的掌握情况及行为，以减少置管后感染的发生。方法采用自行设计问卷对某老年医院与中心静脉置管相关的183名临床护士进行问卷调查，并对结果进行分析。结果183名护士中心静脉导管相关性感染（ CVCRI ）预防知识得分6～19分，平均（13．61±2．47）分。 CVCRI预防知识平均正确率为68．06％。不同职称、不同科室、不同学历护士之间CVCRI预防知识得分比较，差异均有统计学意义（F值分别为5．964，19．388，6．705；P＜0．01）。护士对CVCRI预防相关态度得分27～40分，平均（32．55±3．79）分。护士预防CVCRI相关的护理行为得分58～79分，平均（71．99±4．48）分。接受调查的护士中，95％的护士在过去的3个月参与过中心静脉导管维护与使用；67．8％的护士能够严格执行更换敷料时戴清洁或无菌手套；59．5％的护士能够做到应用碘剂消毒液消毒之前用75％乙醇预先清洁皮肤；只有21．3％的护士经常接受中心静脉导管的相关培训。结论临床护士对中心静脉置管感染预防态度均较好，但对其感染预防相关知识的掌握尚需进一步提高，在进行中心静脉置管知识培训时应有针对性地解决普遍存在的问题。

Objective To study the knowledge and behavior of clinical nurses about preventing central venous catheter-related infection, in order to reduce the infection after catheter.Methods A total of 183 central venous catheter-related clinical nurses in a geriatric hospital were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire, and the results were analyzed.Results The score of central venous catheter-related infection （CVCRI） prevention knowledge of the 183 nurses was 6 to 9, with a mean score of （13.61 ±2.47）.The correct rate of the CVCRI prevention knowledge was 68.06%.The differences of CVCRI prevention knowledge of nurses with different title, different department and different degree were significant （ F=5.964,19.388, 6.705, respectively;P〈0.01）.The score of CVCRI prevention related attitude was 27 to 40, with a mean score of （32.55 ±3.79）.The score of CVCRI related nursing intervention was 58 to 79, with a mean score of （71.99 ± 4.48）.95%nurses participated the training of central venous catheter.67.8%nurses could strictly change the dressing with PVC gloves.59.5%nurses could use the 75%alcohol before using the entoiodine to disinfect the skin.Only 21.3% nurses received the central venous catheter-related training frequently.Conclusions The attitude of clinical nurses about preventing central venous catheter-related infection is good, but it should be strengthened.The common question should be solved by the training of central venous catheter.