加强病房护理管理对医院感染的控制作用

Control function of strengthening ward management in hospital infection

目的：探讨住院患者发生医院感染的护理因素，为加强病房护理管理提供借鉴。方法采用直接抽样法随机抽取2012年加强病房护理管理前的临床病历500份作为对照组，2013年加强病房护理管理后的临床病历500份作为观察组，比较两组患者医院感染发生率与康复时间。结果观察组患者医院感染发生率为4．2％（21／500），低于对照组的7．8％（39／500），差异有统计学意义（χ2＝5．74，P＜0．05）；观察组因护理因素所致医院感染占33．3％（7／21），低于对照组的66．7％（26／39），差异有统计学意义（χ2＝6．13，P＜0．05）；观察组患者的平均住院时间为（8．9±1．7）d，少于对照组的（10．6±2．1）d，差异有统计学意义（ t＝14．07，P＜0．05）。结论加强病房护理管理可以提高护理质量，降低医院感染的发生率，有利于患者康复。

Objective To investigate the nursing factors of hospital infection in hospitalized patients, and to provide evidence for strengthening ward nursing management.Methods A total of 500 cases of hospitalized patients （ before strengthening the ward nursing management） in our hospital in 2012 were randomly selected as control group, and another 500 cases of hospitalized patients in 2013 （ after strengthening the ward nursing management） were randomly chosen as experimental group.The effect of nursing management and hospital infection rate were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of hospital infections in the experimental group was 4.2% （21/500）, and it was significantly lower than that in the control group of 7.8%（39/500） （χ2 =5.74,P 〈0.05）.The proportion of patients who acquired infections due to nursing factors in observation group was 33.3% （7/21）, and that was significantly less than the control group of 66.7%（26/39）（χ2 =6.13,P〈0.05）.The average hospital stays of observation group was （8.9 ±1.7） days, which was significantly shorter than （10.6 ±2.1） days of control group.There was a significant difference between the two groups （t=14.07,P〈0.05）.Conclusions Strengthening the ward nursing management can improve the quality of nursing, reduce the incidence of hospital infections, conductive to the rehabilitation of patients, and it is worthy to acquire clinical attention.