唐诗中的骏马及“昭陵六骏”

Horses and the Six Steeds of Zhao Mausoleum in the Poems of the Tang Dynasty

马是古代陆地上可骑乘的速度最快的动物。无论是农业生产、交通运输、日常生活还是边防、战争,马的重要性都是显而易见的。马是北方游牧文化的核心要素之一,也是北方草原游牧社会生产力发展水平的标志之一。既有骏马还需驯养,否则难以驾驭,马的驯养在人类文明发展史上是一件值得书写的大事。"昭陵六骏"是驯马史上的奇迹,赢得了历代诗人的喜好。唐诗中赞美骏马的诗和守卫北疆、边塞立功紧密相连,表明了唐人对四境安宁、国家和平的渴望。

The horse,the fastest land animal which can be ridden in ancient times,has a kind of obvious importance on agricultural production,transport services,daily routine,frontier defense and wars. It is one of the core elements of the northern nomadic culture,and one of signs of the level of development of northern nomadic social productive forces. The horse has to be domesticated,or it is hard to be managed. The domestication of the horse is something worth writing in the history of the development of human civilization. the Six Steeds of Zhao Mausoleum as a miracle in the history of the domestication of the horse,has been sung by the poets from all generations. The poems praising the horse have a close relation to the guards to the northern border regions and immortal services to the fort,which reveals the desire of the Tang people for the kingdom at peace.