明清时期西南民族地区传统教育述论

Review of the Traditional Education in Southwest National Region in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期西南民族地区的传统教育,或指学校以外的教育,或指现代学校教育以前的教育。在西南民族地区乡村社会,各民族传统教育即以家庭教育、家族教育、村寨教育、社会教育、习俗教育等为主要教育形式,采取以口传心授、师徒相授、父子家传等方式,传授本民族的传统文化知识、社会习俗、生产技能等内容,这些传统教育的形式、方式及内容,深刻地影响着西南民族地区乡村社会各民族民众的生活方式,塑造出不同时代不同民族的性格,有效地维护了西南民族地区乡村社会的稳定,巩固了中央王朝国家治理的成效。

The traditional education in Southwest region in the Ming and Qing Dynasties are referred to as education outside school education or pre - modern school education. In the then rural society the edu- cation took family, clan, village and society as its main forms and by means of oral instruction and rote memory, master - apprentice peer teaching, father passing knowledge to sons, the education imparted the nationality＇s own traditional culture, social conventions, and production craftsmanship, exerting deep im- pact on the life style of the people of in the rural areas of nationalities in the southwest region, modeling characters of different times and nationalities. This effective vindicated the social stability in these areas and consolidated the effect of the central dynasty governance.