北京市部分地区教师和医生吸烟行为及影响因素调查

Survey on smoking among doctors and teachers in Beijing

目的描述北京市部分区县教师和医生的吸烟情况,探讨吸烟行为的影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法抽取各级医院和各类学校的医生和教师各390人,采取问卷调查方法,调查内容包括人口统计学资料、吸烟情况、对烟草的知识和态度三个方面。描述两人群吸烟率,并用非条件logistic回归方法分析其吸烟的影响因素。结果本次调查的两职业人群中,均没有女性吸烟。男性教师的现在吸烟率为34.19%（40/117）,男性医生现在吸烟率为30.56%（44/144）。在吸烟知识、态度等方面,不吸烟者得分或者知晓率均高于吸烟者,且多具有统计学意义。家里禁烟规定越松,吸烟的可能性越大（OR=3.895,95%CI2.456-6.179）;受教育水平越高（OR=0.733,95%CI0.617-0.871）、二手烟与疾病关联知晓率得分越高（OR=0.733,95%CI0.617-0.871）,吸烟的可能性均越低。结论北京市教师和医生的吸烟率相对于2008年有所下降,但仍需采取针对性的措施,如加强家庭戒烟规定的宣传,加强二手烟危害宣传等,进一步降低吸烟率。

Objective To understand the current situation of smoking among doctors and teachers in Beijing, and to discuss its influencing factors. Methods Three hundred and ninety doctors and 390 teachers were randomly selected by multi-stage duster sampling method from 5 districts of Beijing and a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect demographical and smoking information. Unconditional logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results No single female smoker was found in the survey. 30.56% of male doctors and 34.19% of male teachers were smokers. The awareness rate of smoking knowledge was higher among nonsmokers. Those who were less likely to smoke were high educated （OR = 0. 733, 95% CI： 0. 617-0. 871）, strictly banned smoking at home （OR：3. 895, 95% CI： 2. 456-6. 179） and scored higher on awareness of the harm of second-hand smoking （OR=0. 733, 95%CI： 0. 617-0. 871）. Conclusions Although the number of doctors and teachers who smoke has slightly decreased since 2008 in Beijing, specific intervention and education still need to be enhanced in order to further decrease the number of smokers.