浙江省岱山县海岛渔农村成年居民血脂异常调查研究

Prevalence of dyslipidemia among adults in Daishan county of Zhejiang

目的了解海岛渔农村成年居民血脂异常患病情况,为制定血脂异常防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,抽取岱山县18岁以上渔农村居民1 105人,进行血脂异常患病情况调查。结果海岛渔农村18岁以上居民甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平值分别为(1.34±1.08)mmol/L、(4.31±0.83)mmol/L和(1.11±0.23)mmol/L;血脂异常患病率为57.74%,标化率55.80%;男、女性患病率分别为61.04%和55.02%,标化率分别为63.60%和50.53%,男女性差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血脂异常患病率各年龄组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);TG、TC和HDL-C异常患病率分别为21.27%、14.93%和41.36%,标化率分别为18.15%、11.06%和43.42%;血脂正常组与血脂异常组的高血压、糖尿病患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);心血管病危险因素在血脂异常患者中有聚集现象;血脂异常知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为9.42%、3.76%和2.82%。结论海岛渔农村超过半数成年居民血脂异常,分型中以HDL-C异常患病率最高,知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低。要加强综合干预措施,有效控制血脂异常及心脑血管疾病的发生发展。

Objective To understand the prevalence of dyslipidemia among adults in Daishan county, and to provide evidence for dyslipidemia control. Methods A multistage randomized cluster sampling method was used to enroll 1 105 adults aged 18 years and over. A face to-face interview survey was conducted and physical examinations were performed as well. Results The average levels of TG, TC and HDL-C were （1.34 ±1.08） retool/L, （4.31±0.83） mmol/L and （1.11±0.23） mmol/L among adults from fishing villages in Daishan county. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 57.74 %, with the age-standardized prevalence of 55. 80%. It was 61.04% among males and 55.02% in females, with the age-standardized of 63.60% and 50.53%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. However, the differences of prevalence were not significant among adults in age groups （P〈0.05）. The abnormality rates of TG, TC and HDL-C were 21.27%, 14.93% and 41.36%, with the age-standardized rates of 18.15%, 11. 06% and 43.42 %, respectively. The incidences of hypertension and diabetes were significantly higher among adults with dyslipidemia （P〈0.05）. The risk factors of cardiovascular diseases were very common among individuals with dyslipidemia. The awareness rate was only 9. 42% in adults, meanwhile, the treatment and control rates were as low as 3.76% and 2.82%, respectively. Conclusions More than half of the adults in Daishan county suffer from dyslipidemia and the abnormality rate of HDL-C is the highest. A comprehensive intervention should be carried out in order to control serum lipid level and to prevent cardiovascular diseases in adults.