国家卫生城市创建对城市健康环境指标影响的评价研究

Impact evaluation of national hygienic city campaigns on urban environment

目的评价国家卫生城市创建对城市环境产生的影响。方法采用分层和系统随机抽样方法选取15个国家卫生城市和15个对照城市。采用重复测量混合模型对指标变化趋势进行检验,P<0.1作为检验水准。分别对两类城市数据进行分层分析,然后对国家卫生城市获得命名前后,以及与对照城市进行比较研究。结果国家卫生城市生活垃圾无害化处理率、生活污水集中处理率、道路机械化清扫率、人均公共绿地面积、和达标市场比例在命名前后逐年增加(P<0.1)。国家卫生城市该指标基线水平低于或近似于对照城市时,与对照城市的差距逐步缩小;高于对照城市时,差距不断拉大。结论国家卫生城市创建活动在一定程度上改善了城市环境,促进了城市基础设施建设。

Objective To evaluate the hnpacts of national hygienic city campaigns on urban environment in China. Methods Stratified and systematic random sampling methods were applied to select 15 national hygi enic cities （NHC） and 15 corresponding control cities. A repeated measureing mixed model was applied to test change of indicators, and P〈0. 1 was considered as the significant level. Stratified analysis was used to control the baseline level in the two groups. We compared the change before and after the city was titled as a national hygienic city, and analyzed the difference trend between the two groups. Results The garbage and sewage disposal rate, road mechanical seeping rate, per capita green area, and the percentage of standard agri-product markets increased annually after being titled as NHC （P〈0.1）. The difference between the two groups be came smaller when NHC＇s baseline was initially lower, and grew larger, when it was higher. Conclusions National hygienic city campaigns in the past 25 years have to some extent improved urban environment and infrastructure status.