2008-2013年桐乡市农村自来水水质监测结果与分析

Analysis on the quality of tap water in rural areas of Tongxiang from 2008 to 2013

目的掌握桐乡市农村自来水的水质卫生状况,为农村居民饮水安全提供科学依据。方法根据浙江省疾病预防控制中心制定的农村饮用水水质卫生监测技术方案,结合该市2008-2013年农村自来水供应的实际情况,按照《生活饮用水标准检验方法水样的采集与保存》(GB/T5750.2-2006)采集这6年间的农村自来水水样开展检测。采用Excel 2003、SPSS 17.0统计软件对有关结果数据进行录入与统计分析,率的比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2008-2013年桐乡市农村自来水总合格率为78.91%,以深层地下水及河流地表水为水源的自来水合格率分别为72.70%、84.24%,两者合格率差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.98,P<0.05);丰、枯水期的自来水合格率分别为79.16%、78.91%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);全部水样有14个指标检测结果不合格,构成比从高到低排列前3位的分别是菌落总数、铁、游离余氯,分别占24.59%、13.52%、11.48%。结论桐乡市农村自来水的合格率,随着农村实施城乡一体化供水工作的进展逐渐提高,说明实施城乡一体化供水是提高农村自来水的合格率,确保自来水饮水安全,巩固提升农村改水成果的有效手段。

Objective To analyze the quality of tap water in rural areas of Tongxiang, and to provide scientific evidence for the safety of drinking water. Methods Water samples were collected in rural areas of Tongxiang and were analyzed from 2008 to 2013. SPSS 17.0 was used for data entry and analysis. Chi-square test was applied for data statistical analysis. Results The average qualification rate of tap water in the study areas was 78.91%, with the highest of 84.24% among samples collected from water source of river and the lowest of 72.70% from underground water source, the difference was significant （x^2 = 14. 98, P〈0. 05）. The qualifi cation rate of water during rich and poor water suppyperiods remained relatively stable （P〉0.05）. A total of 14 indicators were found to be unqualified, which included the total number of bacterium colonies, iron and free residual chlorine, accounting for 24.59%, 13.52% and 24. 59%, respectively. Conclusions The overall quality of tap water in rural areas of Tongxiang has been greatly improved since the implementation of integration of urban and rural water supply, which is considered as the most effective way to guarantee the safety of water in rural areas.