核医学诊断工作场所辐射水平及防护现状调查

The investigation on radiation level and radiation protection in nuclear medicine diagnosis workplace

目的 对我国核医学诊断工作场所辐射防护现状进行调查.方法 2013年2-12月期间,在东北、华中和华北地区分别选择1家三甲医院,用y剂量率仪巡测核医学诊断制药、淋洗、分装、注射、扫描过程中工作场所周围剂量当量率,光致发光剂量计测量放射工作人员个人有效剂量和当量剂量.结果 在放射性药物分装、注射和受检者摆位等操作环节中周围剂量当量率较高,分装时最高达1.92 mSv/h,注射时距针管5 cm处剂量率最高达1.2 mSv/h,受检者体表30 cm处剂量率范围为5.36 ～240 μSv/h,某医院护士手部当量剂量为0.01 ～0.02 mGy,部分工作场所存在人员路线交叉及注射后受检者停留在公众区域的现象.结论 核医学实践中放射工作人员应加强个人防护,提高操作熟练程度以缩短作业时间,应优化放射工作人员出入路线,加强注射后受检者的管理,以免公众人员受到不必要的照射.

Objective To investigate the current situation of radiation protection in nuclear medicine diagnosis workplace.Methods The study was performed in 3 hospitals in northeast,north and central of China from February to December in 2013.The γ dose rate instrument was used to detect the workplace ambient dose equivalent rate of medicine preparation,leaching,packing,injection and imaging.Individual effective dose and equivalent dose were evaluated by photoluminescent dosimeter.Results The ambient dose equivalent rate was up to 1.92 mSv/h at repacking place and 1.2 mSv/h at injection place.The ambient dose equivalent rate of patients after injection was 5.36-240 μ,Sv/h.The hand equivalent dose was 0.01-0.02 mGy.Moreover,there were problems of staff route intersection,as well as the patients after injection staying in the public area.Conclusions Radiation workers should pay more attention to individual protection,and improve the operation proficiency to shorten the operation time.Furthermore,in order to protect public from unnecessary irradiation,there should be some changes in staff route and patients administration.