广州市售蛙类裂头蚴感染及溯源调查

Sparganum infection in frogs and the source tracing,Guangzhou,China

目的了解广州市肉菜市场蛙裂头蚴感染和市售野生蛙来源地狗猫曼氏迭宫绦虫感染情况。方法从广州肉菜市场采集蛙类检查其肌肉中的裂头蚴,对市售野生蛙栖息地狗猫粪便中的曼氏迭宫绦虫卵进行检查;同时,在1 400名广州市民中开展了与裂头蚴感染相关的问卷调查。结果本次调查共检查虎纹蛙、沼水蛙、牛蛙、泽蛙4种,其裂头蚴的平均感染率约为11.75%(229/1 949)。其中,野生虎纹蛙感染率最高为51.92%(216/416);而养殖蛙类(包括虎纹蛙和牛蛙)感染率为0%(0/1 382)。狗和猫曼氏迭宫绦虫感染率分别为27.51%(63/229)和40.52%(47/116)。问卷调查结果显示市民对裂头蚴病的认知水平为41.04%,广州居民食用过蛙肉的比例约为59.86%;同时,食用蛙、蛇、猪、鸡、鼠和鸟等动物的肉、内脏或血液时,方式不当可能是市民感染裂头蚴的主要方式。结论广州肉菜市场销售的野生蛙类裂头蚴感染率较高,广东曼氏迭宫绦虫传染源猫狗的感染情况也较为严重,广州市民中亦存在一些与裂头蚴感染相关的生活方式和饮食习惯。

We investigated the infection of sparganum in frogs from agricultural product markets and the infection condition of Spirometra mansoni in dogs and cats from the habitats of wild frogs sold in the markets in Guangzhou,China.The frogs were collected from agricultural product markets of Guangzhou City and sparganum in their muscles was checked.The eggs of Spirometra mansoni in the feces of the dogs and cats were detected.A questionnaire survey about human sparganum infection was carried out in 1 400 Guangzhou citizens.Four kinds of frogs were examined in this survey,including Rana tigrina,Hylarana guentheri,Rana catesbeiana,and Rana limnocharis,an average infection rate of sparganum was about 11.75%（229/1 949）.Wild Rana tigrina had a highest infection rate of 51.92%（216/416）;on the other hand,the infection rate of cultural frogs（including cultural Rana tigrina and Rana catesbeiana）was about 0%（0/1 382）.The Spirometra mansoni infection rates of dogs and cats were 27.51%（63/229）and 40.52%（47/116）respectively.Questionnaire survey showed 40.04% of the residents could understand some knowledge related to sparganosis,and 59.86% of the residents had eaten frog meats.At the time of eating meat,viscera or blood of the animals,e.g.,frogs,snakes,pigs,chicken,mice and birds,using improper way may be main infective ways of sparganosis in the citizens.In short,the sparganum infection rates of wild frogs sold in agricultural product markets of Guangzhou City were higher,and the Spirometra mansoni infectious situation of cats and dogs in Guangdong Province was serious.There are also some lifestyles and eating habits related to sparganum infection in citizens in Guangzhou.