干细胞向骨骼肌细胞的诱导分化及其在治疗骨骼肌病变中的应用

Differentiation of Stem Cell into Skeletal Muscle Cell and Application Potentialities in Treating Impaired Skeletal Muscle Tissue

随着干细胞技术、生物材料及组织工程技术的日趋发展,专家和学者的研究不仅强调对细胞生长的调控及机制,而且越来越注重其临床应用的潜能。运用组织工程和干细胞等技术重建和再生骨骼肌可以为肌肉相关疾病的治疗带来新的希望。干细胞是一类具有自我复制和多向分化潜能的细胞,在合适的培养条件或给予合适的信号时,干细胞可以分化为多种不同形态和功能的成熟细胞,也因此在骨骼肌重建和疾病治疗中得到广泛研究。该文就干细胞向骨骼肌细胞的分化及机制、干细胞作为骨骼肌组织工程的种子细胞以及在骨骼肌疾病治疗中的应用和前景作一综述。

Stem cell is a cell type with the abilities of self-replication and multi-directional differentiation As the development of technologies of stem cell, biomaterials and tissue engineering, researches are focusing on not only the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, but also attempts of clinical application. Constitution and remodeling of skeletal muscle using these technologies will be a promising treatment to cure patients with skeletal muscle diseases. Under appropriate culture conditions and signals＇ guidance, stem cells can differentiate into various types of mature cells with specific morphologies and functions. That is the reason why the stem cell is widely used as seeding cells in skeletal muscle reconstruction and even clinical attempt of disease treatment. This article gives a review about the differentiation of stem cells into skeletal muscle ceils, the effects of chemical and physical factors on the differentiation and some in vivo evaluations and potential clinical applications to treat muscle diseases.