英国工业化时期的监狱改革论析

Analysis on British Prison Reform during of the Industrialization

1 8世纪的英国监狱体系积弊甚多,羁押混乱、物资匮乏、管理不善、环境恶劣等问题被披露后引起英国社会震惊。在福音主义和启蒙思想的感召下,改革者开始致力于探索更加人性化和理性化的监禁制度。19世纪初,英国传统刑罚体制遭遇空前危机,迫使政府介入监狱改革,各地以国家模范监狱为样板陆续建成了新式监狱。

During eighteenth century, prison system of Britain had suffered many evils, such as indiscriminate imprisonment, material shortage, inefficient management and aggravated condition, which shocked British society. Under the calling of Evangelicalism and Enlightened Ideas, reformers began to seek and design confinement systems, which were more humane and rational. Britain＇s traditional penal system faced a serious crisis in the early nineteenth century and the parliament was obliged to take responsibility for reform, which made many place establish new prisons following the example of national model prison.