经内镜放置胆管金属支架联合鼻胆管引流治疗恶性胆管梗阻

Endoscopic placement of biliary metal stent drainage combined with endoscopic naso-biliary drainage in the treatment of malignant biliary obstruction

目的探讨经内镜放置胆管金属支架联合鼻胆管引流对恶性胆管梗阻的治疗效果。方法 115例失去手术机会的恶性胆管梗阻患者行经内镜逆行胰胆管造影下放置胆管支架,其中48例行胆管塑料支架引流术,30例行胆管金属支架引流术,37例行胆管金属支架联合鼻胆管引流术;分析各组引流效果、成功率、早期并发症和胆管再堵塞发生情况。结果塑料支架组、金属支架组及金属支架联合鼻胆管组的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)在手术后均有明显降低(P<0.05);手术后1周金属支架联合鼻胆管组的TBIL和DBIL明显低于塑料支架组、金属支架组(P<0.05),塑料支架组和金属支架组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3个月内金属支架组和金属支架联合鼻胆管组再堵塞的发生率明显低于塑料支架组(P<0.05),金属支架组和金属支架联合鼻胆管组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);塑料支架组的手术成功率与金属支架组及金属支架联合鼻胆管组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),塑料支架组的早期并发症发生率明显高于金属支架联合鼻胆管组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经内镜逆行胰胆管造影下放置胆管金属支架联合鼻胆管对于恶性胆管梗阻有确切的引流效果。

Objective To evaluate the effect of biliary mental stent drainage combined with endoscopic naso-biliary drainage in the treatment of malignant biliary obstruction. Methods One hundred and thirteen patients with maligmant biliary obstruction who had lost the chance for surgery, were treated with biliary stent through endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography：48 patients were treated with endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage with plastic stent, 30 pa-tients were treated with endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage with mental stent, and 37 patients were treated with endo-scopic metal stent drainage combined with naso-biliary drainage. Results The levels of ALT, TBIL, DBIL and AKP of pre-stenting were much higher than that of post-stenting （ P0 . 05 ） . The re-blockage rates of metal stent group and metal stent drainage combined with naso-biliary drainage group three months after surgey were much lower than plastic stent group （ P0 . 05 ） . There was no difference of successful rate between plastic stent group and metal stent group and metal stent drainage combined with naso-biliary drainage group （ P〉0 . 05 ） . Early complication of plastic stent group was much higher than that of met-al stent drainage combined with naso-biliary drainage group （ P〈0 . 05 ） . Conclusion The metal stent drainage com-bined with naso-biliary drainage insertion through endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is effective on malig-nant biliary obstruction.