老年骨质疏松症患者疾病知识认知水平和自我效能水平的现状及其相关性

Correlation between Osteoporosis Knowledge and Self-efficacy Level of Elderly Patients with Osteoporosis

目的了解老年骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)患者疾病知识认知水平和自我效能的水平现状,并分析两者之间的相关性,以期为指导患者规避严重后果的发生提供依据。方法 2013年5月至2014年3月,便利抽样法选取苏州市某三级甲等医院OP患者70例为研究对象。采用OP知识问卷(osteoporosis knowledge tests,OKT)和OP自我效能量表(osteoporosis self-efficacy scale,OSES)对其进行调查,并探讨两者关系。结果 OKT总均分为(10.16±5.65)分,总体得分不及格;OSES总均分为(6.34±2.41)分,总体处于中等水平;经Spearman相关分析,除钙效能和钙知识得分间无显著相关性(r=0.152,P>0.05)外,总自我效能及其他各维度与知识得分均呈显著正相关(0<r<0.5,P<0.05)。结论老年OP患者疾病知识掌握欠缺,自我效能水平不高,医护人员需要通过提高患者的认知水平,进而提高自我效能水平,促进患者的健康行为,减少严重后果的发生。

Objective To analyze knowledge and self-efficacy level of elderly patients with osteoporosis, as well as the correlation between them, then provide the basis for avoiding the serious consequences. Methods Totally 70 patients were recruited from an upper first-class hospital in Suzhou by using the convenience sampling method. They were measured with Osteoporosis Knowledge Tests（OKT）and Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale（OSES）. Results The average score of OKT（10.16 ± 5.65）was failed and OSES （6.34 ±2.41）was in the middle level. By Spearman correlation analysis, the total scores of OKT and OESE were positively correlated（0〈r〈0.5,P〈0.05）as well as each subscale, but no significant correlation between the calcium efficacy and calcium knowledge（r=0. 152,P〈0.05）. Conclusion Elderly patients with osteoporosis were lack of knowledge and their self-efficacy levels were not high. Therefore medical staff need to improve patients＇ cognition, so as to improve self-efficacy, guide the patient＇s health behaviors and reduce the serious consequences.