解剖性规则肝段切除术治疗肝中叶泡型包虫病

Segment-orientated anatomical liver resection for the treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in the middle lobe of the liver

目的 探讨解剖性规则肝段切除术治疗肝中叶泡型包虫病的可行性及临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2013年9月西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院收治的1例肝中叶泡型包虫病患者的临床资料.术前以影像学三维重建技术为基础设计多种手术方案,综合多因素分析（肝脏体积测算、肝实质切除率、血管切除重建评估、Child-Pugh评分和ICG R15等）,最终制订解剖性规则肝段切除术方案（肝Ⅴ、Ⅷ、Ⅳb段）.术中探查肝包虫囊肿与第一、二肝门关系密切,精细操作,解剖性切除肝Ⅳb、Ⅴ、Ⅷ段.术后每个月通过门诊或电话进行随访,并行B超及CT检查了解肝脏情况,随访时间截至2014年4月.结果 术前三维可视化重建后图像清晰立体地显示肿瘤组织、腹腔实质器官、腹腔大血管的解剖结构及毗邻关系,术中证实三维重建的解剖关系与实际基本一致.手术历时410 min,术中出血量约1 000 mL,未输注血液制品;手术过程中患者生命体征平稳.术后患者未出现肝功能不全等并发症.患者术后住院时间为15 d,出院时手术切口愈合良好已拆线,血常规、生化检查结果均正常,恢复正常饮食,生活完全自理.病理学检查结果为肝包虫病（泡型）.患者术后持续服用阿苯达唑1 200 mg/d.随访6个月,患者体质量较出院时增加5 kg,无不适主诉,已恢复劳动能力.未发现肝脏包虫病变复发,未发现全身其他器官包虫病发生.结论 解剖性规则肝段切除术治疗肝中叶泡型包虫病术中依靠肝实质及血管三维重建方案指引,结合选择性肝门阻断和血管切除重建等关键技术的应用,既完整切除病变肝脏,又保证了剩余肝脏功能性体积最大化,患者术后恢复良好,近期疗效满意.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and feasibility of segment-orientated anatomical liver resection for the treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis （HAE） in the middle lobe of the liver.Methods The clinical data of a female patient with HAE in the middle lobe of the liver who was admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi＇ an Jiaotong University in September 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Before operation,various surgical plannings were facilitated by a three-dimensional reconstruction system,and then the surgical planning was determined with the assistance of the multivariate analysis （volume measurement of liver,resectability of remnant functional liver,evaluation of vascular resection and reconstruction,Child-Pugh score and indocyanine green retention at 15 minutes）.Segment-orientated anatomical liver resection（segment Ⅴ,Ⅷ and Ⅳb） was performed on the patient.There was a close relationship between the HAE and the first and the second hepatic portal during operation,and the anatomical liver resection of segment Ⅴ,Ⅷ and Ⅳb was precisely carried out.The patient was followed up by outpatient examination and telephone interview every month up to April 2014.The condition of the liver was observed by B ultrasound and computed tomography examinations.Results The three-dimensional reconstruction of the CT data of the patient clearly displayed the anatomical structure and adjacent relationship between the tumor,abdominal organs and major abdominal vessels.The preoperative evaluation of the anatomy of tumor based on three-dimensional images was confirmed with operative findings.The operation time and volume of blood loss were 410 minutes and 1 000 mL,respectively.The patient did not receive blood transfusion.The intraoperative vital signs of the patient were stable.There were no complications such as hepatic insufficiency.The duration of postoperative hospital stay was 15 days.Surgical incision was healed at discharge.The results of blood routine and blood biochemistry test,daily diet and basic self-care ability were in normal condition.HAE was diagnosed based on the result of pathological examination.Albendazole was administered with 1 200 mg/d after operation.The patient was followed up for 6 months and returned to work.The weight of the patient increased by 5 kilograms than that at discharge,without complaint of discomfort.There was no recurrence of HAE and hepatic echinococcosis of organs.Conclusions Segment-orientated anatomical liver resection is not only a method for complete resection,but also maximizes the functional remnant of liver on the basis of intraoperative three-dimensional reconstruction system together with selective hepatic inflow occlusion and vessel reconstruction technique.The patient gets a full recovery with satisfactory outcome.