腓浅动脉皮支链的应用解剖

Anatomic study of branches-chain base on the superficial peroneal artery

目的 明确腓浅动脉皮支链形成的区域和形态,为临床切取小腿前外侧皮支链皮瓣提供解剖学基础. 方法 2012年10月-2013年9月,解剖新鲜成年尸体标本下肢15侧,女性3侧,男性12侧,皮肤观察无外伤及手术史.13侧下肢经股动脉灌注红色乳胶,手术显微镜下精细解剖,显示各皮支来源、链状吻合部位和形态,于穿深筋膜处测量各皮支的外径.2侧下肢制做动脉铸型标本. 结果 腓浅动脉皮支共61支,每侧（4.38±0.77）支,各皮支穿过深筋膜处的直径为（0.57±0.14）mm;参与构成腓浅动脉皮支链的皮支为28支,每侧（2.15±0.38）支,直径（0.45±0.13）mm;腓骨长（347.76±17.78）mm,从皮支穿出部位至腓骨头距离占腓骨长度的（45.95±13.08）％-（76.91±8.71）％之间.皮支链的大部分伴随腓浅神经. 结论 以腓浅动脉皮支链为中轴,可安全切取小腿中、下段前外侧皮支链皮瓣,行转位或游离皮瓣移植.

Objective To definite the specific area and morphology of the branches-chain base on the superficial peroneal artery,provide the Anatomical information for Taking the branches-chain flap.Methods From October,2012 to September,2013,a total of 15 fresh adult cadaveric lower limb were used in the research：which were 3 females and 12 males.There was no history of trauma and surgery.Thirteen specimens were perfused with red latex for microanatomy to observe linking form of the the cutaneous perforators,measuring the outer diameter of perforators at the deep fascia.2 specimens were perfused with self-curing denture acrylic to be vascular cast mold.Results A total of 61 cutaneous branches issued fom the chain of the superficial peroneal nerve nutrient vessels,each side was （4.38 ± 0.77） cutaneous branches,which were the diameter of wearing the deep fascia was （0.57 ± 0.14） mm; Fibula length was （347.76 ± 17.78） mm,The number of cutaneous branches participating the branches-chain was 28,averaged on each side of （2.15 ± 0.38）.The diameter was （0.45 ± 0.13） mm,and the area of cutaneous branches-chain of the superficial peroneal artery was （45.95 ± 13.08）% to （76.91 ± 8.71）%.Conclusion Taking the dislocation or free cutaneous flap is safe with branches-chain base on the superficial peroneal artery as the axis in the medium and lower segment of anterolateral of crus.