动态增强MRI、超声及X射线对乳腺良恶性病灶诊断的对比研究

Comparative Study of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Breast MRI, Ultrasound, and X-ray Mammography in Dif erential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions

目的探讨动态增强MRI、超声及X射线在乳腺良、恶性病变鉴别诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析四川大学华西医院2008年6月至2009年6月期间对50个乳腺病灶进行动态增强MRI、超声及X射线检查的影像资料,基于乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)分别判定病变的良、恶性,以病理诊断为标准,采用Z检验比较三者的受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线下面积,对比分析三者对乳腺良、恶性肿瘤的诊断效能。结果 44例患者50个乳腺病灶,26个恶性病灶,24个良性病灶。基于BI-RADS,X射线对26个乳腺恶性病灶判定结果为5类5个,4类7个,3类6个,2类3个,1类1个,0类4个;24个良性病灶判定结果为4类1个,3类3个,2类4个,1类13个,0类3个。超声对26个乳腺恶性病灶的诊断结果为5类17个,4类4个,3类1个,2类1个,1类3个;24个良性病灶的诊断结果为5类1个,4类2个,3类4个,2类14个,1类2个,0类1个。MRI对26个乳腺恶性病灶的诊断结果为5类6个,4类18个,3类1个,1类1个;24个良性病灶的诊断结果为1类20个,2类3个,3类1个。MRI、超声、X射线对乳腺肿瘤诊断的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.977、0.835、0.764,MRI与超声、X射线比较,差异有统计学意义(分别P=0.021、P=0.025),超声与X射线比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.230)。结论动态增强MRI是鉴别乳腺病变良、恶性的一种准确检查方法,对乳腺良、恶性病变的鉴别诊断效能优于超声和X射线。

Objective To assess the values of MRI, ultrasound（US）, and X-ray in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions. Methods The image data of 50 breast lesions confirmed with histopathology were analyzed retrospectively and the values of MRI, US and X-ray mammography in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions based on the breast imaging reporting and data system（BI-RADS） were assessed. The diagnostic efficiency of MRI, US, and X-ray in 50 benign and malignant breast lesions were compared using receiver operating characteristics（ROC） curves. The areas of ROC curves of MRI, US, and X-ray were calculated with Z test using SPSS 16.0. Results There were 44 patients with 50 breast lesions, 26 malignant lesions, 24 benign lesions. Based on the BI-RADS, according to X-ray imaging features, 26 malignant breast lesions were classified as 5 lesions of category 5, 7 lesions of category 4, 6 lesions of category 3, 3 lesions of category 2, 1 lesion of category 1, 4 lesions of category zero. Twenty-four benign breast lesions were classified as 1 lesion of category 4, 3 lesions of category 3, 4 lesions of category 2, 13 lesions of category 1, 3 lesions of category zero. According to the characteristics of US findings, 26 malignant breast lesions were classified as 17 lesions of category 5, 4 lesions of category 4, 1 lesion of category 3, 1 lesion of category 2, 3 lesions of category 1. Twenty-four benign breast lesions were classified as 1 lesion of category 5, 2 lesions of category 4, 4 lesions of category 3, 14 lesions of category 2, 2 lesions of category 1, 1 lesion of category 0. According to MRI imaging findings, 26 malignant breast lesions were classified as 6 lesions of category 5, 18 lesions of category 4, 1 lesion of category 3,1 lesion of category 1. Twenty-four benign breast lesions were classified as 20 lesions of category 1, 3 lesions of category 2, 1 lesion of category 3. The area under the ROC curve of the MRI, US, and X-ray was 0.977, 0.835, and 0.764, respectively. The differences of MRI with US（Z=2.05, P〈0.05） and MRI with X-ray mammography（Z=2.81, P〈0.05） were statistically significant. While the difference of US with X-ray mammography（Z=0.73, P〉0.05） was＇ t statistically significant. Conclusions Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI is an accurate examination in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions. The differential diagnostic efficiency of MRI is significantly better than those with US and X-ray.