不同致敏变应原所致变应性鼻炎患者164例生活质量调查

Quality of life in 164 allergic rhinitis patients caused by different aeroallergens

目的:比较中国北方地区树木花粉、杂草花粉以及尘螨引起的变应性鼻炎(AR)患者的生活质量水平,伴随哮喘情况,探讨AR患者的生活质量与变应原血清特异性IgE的关系。方法:选取164例AR伴或不伴哮喘的成人患者,完成病史采集及变应原检查,并填写标准化鼻结膜炎生存质量调查问卷(RQLQ)。结果:中国北方地区AR患者中,树木花粉组及杂草花粉组的RQLQ总评分、日常活动评分、鼻部症状及眼部症状评分均显著高于尘螨组,生活质量更差。树木花粉组的哮喘比例明显低于尘螨组,而杂草花粉组的哮喘比例则与尘螨组无明显差异,且显著高于树木花粉组。尘螨及蒿属花粉过敏所致的AR患者的RQLQ评分与其变应原特异性IgE水平之间无明显相关性。结论:AR患者的生活质量评分受到变应原具体类型的影响,中国北方地区花粉过敏者发病时的生活质量比尘螨过敏者更差,但生活质量受损程度可能不受变应原特异性IgE水平的影响。不同花粉过敏所致鼻炎合并哮喘的比例不同,杂草花粉可能比树木花粉更容易诱发哮喘。

Objective：We aimed to analyze the quality of life （QOL） in adults with allergic rhinitis according to the sensitization profile for relevant aeroallergens in Northern China, investigate the proportion of patients with co- existing asthma, and explore the correlation between QOL of rhinitis patients and the specific IgE level to the causative allergen. Method：One hundred and sixty-four allergic rhinitis patients participated in this study, whose clinical history, results of intradermal skin test and serum specific IgE levels to common aeroallergens in North China were collected. QOL was evaluated using the rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire （RQLQ）. Re- suit： QOL of rhinitis patients was worse in those sensitized to tree pollens or weed pollens than those sensitized to house dust mites in Northern China. The proportion of patients with co-existing asthma was lower in tree pollen group than in house dust mite group or weed pollen group, and there was no significant difference between house dust mite group and weed pollen group. There was no significant correlation between QOL of rhinitis patients and the specific IgE level to the causative allergen. Conclusion：In our study group, QOL of patients with allergic rhini- tis varied with the allergen responsible for symptoms, but was not influenced by the specific IgE level to relevant allergen. The proportion of patients with co-existing asthma also varied with different pollen allergens. Rhinitis patients sensitized to weed pollens might be more likely to suffer from asthma than those sensitized to tree pollens.