“最低核心”理论与社会权的司法保护

“Minimum Core” Theories and the Judicial Protection of Social Rights

为了澄清社会权的含义和内容以增进对其理解,国际人权学界提出了各种"最低核心"理论。其中影响较大的有最低核心内容理论、最低门槛理论和最低核心义务理论。关于最低核心理论与社会权司法保护之间的关系,长期以来一直存在两种对立的观点。支持者认为它可以提高社会权司法保护的程度,反对者则否认两者之间的关系,甚至否定它。尽管在理论上还存在诸多争议,但各国的司法实践已经证实了最低核心理论在推动社会权司法保护中的意义。

Human rights scholars put forward various minimum core： theories, including the minimum core content theory, the minimum threshold theory, and the theory of the minimum core obligations, in order to clarify the meaning and content of social rights. Scholars hold two opposite views on the relationship between the minimum core theories and the judicial protection of social rights. Supporters argue that the minimum core theories can be used to improve judicial protection of social rights, but opponents deny the utility and even the theories. But the judicial practice in various countries have confirmed the significance of the minimum core theories in promoting the judicial protection of social rights.