《京族喃字史歌集》中的音义型喃字

Chu Nom of Yinyi Type in the Book of Historical Songs in Chu Nom of the Jing Ethnic Group

喃字是仿汉字而造的民族古文字,或直接借用汉字来记录京族语言中的单词,或借用汉字的字形构件自创组合新的字。在自创组合字中,有一种字是以一个汉字的形体记录京族语词的音,用另一个汉字直接显示该组合字所要记录的义。可称之为音义型字。《京族喃字史歌集》有155个音义型字。具体可分为:1.标准的音义型字,即表音构件和示义构件一目了然;2.表音构件兼示词义,示义构件仅作陪衬;3.表音构件有省变;4.示义构件有省变;5.表音和示义构件都有省变。《京族喃字史歌集》中的音义型喃字是一种构字部件借自汉字,却是自创组合、自主表词的一种文字,因而独具特点、较有创意。

the Book of Historical Songs in Chu Nom of the Jing Ethnic Group edited and compiled by Mr. Chen Zengyu is important for studying the history and culture of Jing people for its abundant stories, epics and folk tales recorded in Chu Nom by Jing people living in three sea islands of Wanwei, Wu Tou and Shan Xin near Ping Jiang Town, Dongxing, Guangxi autonomous region. Chu Nom is ancient words created through imitating Chinese characters. In Jing language, Chu Nom often represented by Chicness characters or new words constructed by parts of Chinese characters. In the latter type of Chu Nom, it often records pronunciation of by using one Chinese character while using another Chinese character to show the meaning, or known as Yinyi Chu Nom. There are 155 Yinyi Chu Nom in the Book of Historical Songs in Chu Nom of the Jing Ethnic Group： 1. Standard Yinyi Chu Nom, in which one can easily distinguish parts showing pronunciation from parts showing meaning.2. Parts recording pronunciation also show meaning while parts showing meaning only play complementary function. 3. Changes in the pronunciation parts. 4. Changes in the meaning-showing parts. 5. Changes in both of the pronunciation parts and the meaning parts. The Yinyi Chu Nom in the Book of Historical Songs in Chu Nom of the Jing Ethnic Group borrowed some parts from classical Chinese, they also have their unique structure to deliver meaning and pronunciation. Therefore, they are unique and creative.