不同降雨强度条件下植被毯护坡技术的产流特性

Runoff producing characteristics of vegetation carpet greening technology at different rainfall intensities

为了研究不同气候条件下植被毯技术的适用性,分析不同降雨强度条件对径流、入渗系数、入渗深度的影响,设置3种降雨强度（0.56、1.01、2.02 mm/min）,通过侵蚀槽填土并布设各类植被毯,模拟施工边坡,并设置无覆盖对照组,使用侧喷式人工降雨大厅对侵蚀槽进行人工模拟降雨试验。结果表明：1）植被毯能够增加径流入渗,在降雨强度为1.01 mm/min时,麦秸秆植被毯和椰丝纤维植被毯最多分别能够增加27.7%和28%的入渗量;2）不同材料植被毯径流过程有明显的差异,在降雨强度为0.50、1.01 mm/min时,入渗系数为麦秸秆〉椰丝纤维,降雨强度为2.02 mm/min时,入渗系数为椰丝纤维植〉麦秸秆;3）同种材料不同质量的植被毯径流总量有较大差异,同种材料中,200-300 g/m^2的植被毯在3种降雨强度条件下均能够取得较其他质量植被毯更好的保水效果。

The objectives of this study were to explore the applicability of vegetation carpet technology in different climate conditions,and analyze the impact of different rainfall intensities on runoff,infiltration coefficients and infiltration depth. We set up three rainfall intensities（0. 56,1. 01,2. 02 mm / min）,filled earth into erosion boxes and arranged various types of vegetation carpets,and simulated construction slope. Non-coverage control groups were set up,and simulated rainfall was conducted over the erosion boxes in the tangential spraying hall. The results showed that： 1） Vegetation carpet could increase runoff infiltration; at the rainfall intensity of 1. 01 mm / min,wheat straw vegetation carpet and coconut fiber vegetation carpet can increase the infiltration by 27. 7% and 28%, respectively. 2） There were significant differences in runoff process of the vegetation carpets made by different materials; at the rainfall density of 0. 56 and 1. 01 mm / min,infiltration coefficient of wheat straw was higher than that of coconut fiber,while the opposite was true at 2. 02 mm / min. 3） There were marked differences between the total runoff of the vegetation carpets made by the same material but different masses; for the same material,the vegetation carpet with a mass of 200- 300 g / m^2 had better water retention performance atthe three rainfall densities than the vegetation carpets of other masses.